【摘要】 目的了解上海市5岁以下儿童死亡的现状、原因及动态变化。方法对2008年10月至2012年9月期间全市5岁以下儿童死亡资料及评审结果进行统计分析。结果 2009年至2012年本市5岁以下儿童死亡率各年依次为7.03‰、7.09‰、6.60‰、6.07‰。其中年龄方面,各年新生儿及婴儿死亡比例均较高,分别为65%~75%、30%~40%;性别方面,男女性别比稳定在1.5:1左右;户籍方面,非户籍人口死亡所占比(72.05%)高于本市户籍人口(24.33%);在死因顺位方面,先天性心脏病、早产/低体重儿分别位居第1位和第2位,且其所占死亡比例略有上升趋势。结论加强外来流动人口孕产期的保健管理与宣教、早期诊断及积极治疗先心痛惠儿、降低早产儿及低体重儿的发生,完善高危儿和危重儿的转运及救治措施等是控制上海市5岁以下儿童死亡率的关键。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the current status,reasons and dynamic changes of children mortality under 5 years old in Shanghai.Methods Statistical analysis was conducted on mortality data and evaluation results of children under 5 years old in Shanghai from October2008 to September 2012.Results The mortality of children under 5 years old during 2009 to 2012 was 7.03‰,7.09‰,6.60‰ and6.07‰,respectively.In terms of age,the proportion of newborn and infant death was higher,and it was 65%-75%and 30%-40%,respectively.In gender,the ratio of male to female was about 1.5.Considering household registration,the non-resident population death(72.05%) was obviously higher than that of resident population(24.33%).In terms of sequence of death causes,congenital heart disease and premature delivery/low birth weight ranked in the first and the second,and the mortality caused by these two factors showed a slight upward trend.Conclusion Strengthening care management and education on pregnant and prenatal period for floating population,early diagnosis and active treatment of children with congenital heart disease,reducing birth rate of premature delivery and low birth weight,and improving transport and treatment of high-risk infants and critically ill children are keys to control the mortality of children under 5 vears old in Shanghai.更多还原