【摘要】 水体热量总收支的确定是水渠冰情数值模拟的关键,根据热力守恒方程建立了河渠敞流期热量收支方程。以南水北调中线汤河-惠南庄段干渠为例,通过对干渠沿线6个气象站1986~2005共20 a资料的统计分析,计算了太阳辐射水-气温差、风速等水热环境因素对典型输水渠道水体热量收支的影响。指出太阳净辐射量、气温、风速、相对湿度是明渠冬季热力学及冰情模拟必需要考虑的气象环境资料,而总云量影响相对较小。更多还原

【Abstract】 The heat budget equation of non-ice cover channel is established based on conservation equation of heat quantity. Taking the main canal section from Tanghe to Huinanzhuang as an example,we carry out a statistical analysis for the meteorological data of 20 years collected from 6 meteorological stations along the channel,and the influences of water-thermal environment factors such as solar radiation,temperature differences of water-air,wind velocity on water body heat budget is calculated. It is concluded that the factors of solar radiation,air temperature,wind velocity as well as relative moisture are the essential meteorological data for ice regime simulation and thermodynamics study of channel in winter,however the cloud cover has relative smaller influences on the water heat budget.更多还原