【摘要】 目的了解城市社区精神分裂症患者照料者的家庭负担情况及其影响因素。方法采用方便抽样法,选择2013年4—5月来北京市某社区卫生服务机构取药及体检的精神分裂症患者的照料者109例为研究对象。采用自制的一般资料调查表(调查内容包括患者及其照料者的年龄、性别、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况等)和家庭负担量表(FBS,调查内容包括家庭经济负担、家庭日常生活、家庭娱乐活动、家庭关系、家庭成员躯体健康、家庭成员心理健康6个维度)进行问卷调查。结果 109例精神分裂症患者照料者的家庭负担总分为(21.80±11.01)分;阳性回答率由高到低依次为:家庭日常活动(97.2%),家庭经济负担(95.4%),家庭关系(87.2%),家庭娱乐活动(82.6%),家庭成员心理健康(80.7%),家庭成员躯体健康(75.2%)。多元线性回归分析结果显示:照料者的婚姻状况、患者患病后是否工作、每月用药花费及疾病稳定状态对家庭负担的影响有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论精神分裂症患者照料者的家庭负担较重,照料者的婚姻状况、患者患病后是否工作、每月用药花费及疾病稳定状态对家庭负担有影响。基层卫生保健工作者在照顾精神疾病患者的同时,也应关注其直接照料者的健康状况,采取有效的干预措施来减轻照料者的负担。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the family burden of schizophrenia caregivers and the underlying influencing factors in a community in Beijing. Methods A cross- sectional survey was conducted 109 caregivers of schizophrenic patients who filled prescription or underwent physical examinations in April and May,2013 in a community in Beijing. General information( including patients and their caregivers’ age,gender,education level,occupation,marital status,etc) and data on family burdens evaluated by the Family Burden Scale( FBS,including family economic burden,family life,family entertainment,family relationships,physical health and mental health of family members) developed by our group were collected and analyzed. Results The average FBS score in the 109 survey caregiver families was( 21. 80 ± 11. 01). The reported burdens were associated with time and labor in assisting the patient’s daily activities( 97. 2%),economic issues( 95. 4%),changes in the relationship between family members( 87. 2%),changes in family entertainment activities( 82. 6%),and both psychological( 80. 7%) and physical( 75. 2%) states of family members. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that marital status of the caregiver,employment status of the patient,the underlying disease status,and monthly medication expenses were the major factors affecting the family burdens. Conclusion There are significant burdens to the family of schizophrenia caregivers. While taking care of schizophrenic patients,family doctors in communities may also need to take measures to effectively reduce burdens of the family caregivers.更多还原