【摘要】 与罗尔斯用非自利的契约论来探求社会基本制度结构的正义性原则不同,斯坎伦关注的是"我们彼此亏欠什么"即判定道德对错的契约论准则及其促成道德动机和给予道德行为理由的效力,从而以此为制度正义理论提供微观道德基础。在功利论与道义论相互对峙的道德哲学谱系和经济繁荣伦理紧张的现实境遇中来考量,斯坎伦把道德的根基建立在平等主体都无法合情理反驳的理由上蕴涵着对人的价值和尊严的首肯,对人与人之间道德平等和对等的坚守,对人们相互承认及达成共识的期待,对彼此行动理由的合情理追问,为倚重于制度正义话语的伦理思考和当代人的道德自觉提供了独特灵感和智慧。更多还原

【Abstract】 Other than John Rawls’ s theory of justice principles which applied to social basic system,Thomas M. Scanlon pays close attention to " WhatWe Owe to Each Other"by the way of contractualism. He discusses the fundamental criterion of judgments of right and wrong,and then explains the reason- giving and motivating force of it. In contemporary moral philosophy spectrum of confrontation between utilitarianism and deontology,and the realistic situation of economic prosperity and ethical conflicts,Scanlon’s contractualism,which lay morality on the grounds that everyone could not reasonably reject,contains unique inspiration and wisdom to enlighten people’s moral consciousness,such as the value and dignity of human being,mutual recognition,moral equality and consensus,reasonable argument of each other’s behavior.更多还原