【摘要】 目的 调查社区老人的心理健康状况,探讨影响老人心理健康的相关风险因素以及关联程度,为进一步的心理干预提供依据。方法 采用随机抽样的方法,以社区年龄≥60岁的836名老人为调查对象,采用SCL-90、生活事件评定量表、家庭亲密度和适应性量表和社会支持评定量表进行心理健康问卷调查,应用SPSS 19.0软件进行x~2检验、t检验以及多元回归与相关分析。结果 与全国常模比较,除躯体化、抑郁及恐怖因子阳性项目均分高于全国常模外(P<0.01),其他7项因子的阳性项目均分及SCL-90总均分均明显低于常模(P<0.01)。婚姻状况、年龄、经济收入、家庭和睦、吸烟、饮酒、焦虑特质以及慢性病种对老人心理健康均有明显影响。根据OR值(优势比)的大小筛选其关联程度的强弱。结论 上海老年人心理健康水平除躯体化、抑郁及恐怖外总体比全国常模好,在焦虑及恐怖因子相关因素中,性别与焦虑因子呈负相关性;慢性病种、焦虑特质及吸烟呈正关联,且有较强的关联强度。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective Mental health status communityas and potential risk factors that may affect the psychological health in these community elderly population were investigated in order to provide psychological intervention.Methods By using random sampling method,836 aged 60 years or older community resident were enrolled in the study.SCL-90,life events scale,family adaptability and Cohesion Scale and social support scale survey on mental health questionnaire were used to survey mental health status and potential risk factors.SPSS19.0 software was used for x~2 test,t test and multiple regression and correlation analysis.Results Compared with the national normal population,somatization,depression and phobicscore was higher in community elderly population(P<0.01),while 7 other factor scores and the total scores of SCL-90were lower in community elderly population compared to national normal level(P<0.01).Marital status,age,income,family harmony,smoking,drinking,trait anxiety and chronic disease had significant impact on health status on Shanghai elderly community population based on OR(odds ratio).Conclusion Community elderly mental health in Shanghai was generally better than that of national population except somatization,depression and phobia evaluation.For anxiety and terror related factors,gender and symptoms were negatively correlated.There was a strong and positive correlation among chronic disease,trait anxiety and smoking.更多还原