【摘要】 简述了超微电极技术的原理、特点以及使用条件.对比了(超)微电极、大面积多孔电极以及理论模拟等方法研究电池电极材料的结果,表明(超)微电极的实验结果和理论模拟结果之间具有较高的一致性.本文从电化学原理的角度论述了常规尺寸电极上得到结果和理论模拟结果之间出现差异和分歧的原因,并论证了(超)微电极在研究储能材料本征动力学行为和测量物理化学参数方面的重要性和必要性.介绍了(超)微电极/扫描电化学显微镜在筛选燃料电池氧气还原催化剂领域中的应用及原理.针对双电解质金属锂电池所面临的问题,介绍了微纳尺度空心针尖支撑的液液界面上锂离子相转移动力学行为的最新研究结果.更多还原

【Abstract】 Primary types and merits of(ultra-)microelectrodes and microelectrode are introduced. Application examples of different types of(ultra-)microelectrodes in the investigation on the instinct electrochemical performance of electrode materials of power sources are exhibited and discussed. The electrochemical performance of different materials, exhibited on(ultra-)microelectrode, classical large area composition electrode and theoretical simulation, respectively, shows that the obvious discrepancy between results acquired on large area composition electrode and(ultra-)microelectrodes and high consistency between results acquired on(ultra-)microelectrodes and theoretical simulation. The reasons are discussed by electrochemical principle in detail. In addition, advantage and disadvantage of each type of(ultra-)microelectrodes are also compared carefully. Moreover, the essentiality and necessity of application(ultra-) microelectrodes in the investigation of instinct electrochemical performance are also analyzed by electrochemical principle. In order to matching the rapid development of fuel cell, scanning electrochemical microscopy is also introduced as smart method for the selection and evolution of electrochemical performance of catalyst of fuel cell. Based on update hybrid electrolyte lithium metal base batteries, the application of micro/nano-ITIES(interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions), supported by micro/nano- pipette, in the investigation of dynamic performance of Li-ion interface transfer is also introduced as essential method for the evolution on the inner impedance of hybrid electrolyte batteries.更多还原