【摘要】 我国有丰富的油页岩资源,而油页岩中含有大量无机矿物质,不利于页岩油的干馏提取。利用HCl、HF、胶质芽孢杆菌分别对油页岩进行去矿化处理。对不同样品基本性质研究表明,三种方式均可有效去除无机矿质、增加比表面积、富集有机组分。铝甑干馏实验表明微生物处理样品效果最显著,可将产油率由5.4%升高至6.9%,并且绝对产量增加了5.9%,有利于低品位油页岩的开发利用;而HF会破坏有机物,导致气损量增加,不利干馏提取页岩油。油页岩干馏特性的研究表明,由于去矿化作用,油页岩比表面积增大,降低干馏终温温度15℃,降低干馏保温时间6min,有利于在油页岩开发利用中降低能耗。这些结果表明微生物去矿化作用在实际生产过程中将会是一个主要的油页岩预处理方式,有很大的发展空间。更多还原

【Abstract】 Oil shale contains a large number of inorganic minerals,which goes against the extraction of shale oil by dry distillation.In this study,the demineralization was realized by successive HCl,HF and Bacillus mucilaginosus treatments.The research on the fundamental properties of different samples exposed that all of the three ways could remove the major minerasl from oil shale,increase specific surface area,enrich the organic components.Fischer-Schrader assay indicated that the most remarkable effect was played by Bacillus mucilaginosus,the shale oil yield increased from 5.4%to 6.9%,and the absolute output increased 5.9%,which contributes to the development and utilization of low grade oil shale;but the HF can destroy the organic matter,which is negative to the extraction of shale oil.The research on oil shale retort characteristics indicates that the retort temperature dropped 15 ℃,the retort time dropped 6mins.These indicate that the microbe demineralization will be used as a major pre-treatment process on oil shale in the process of actual production,has great development space in the future.更多还原