A step and gradual kinematic calibration method using vision-based metrology is proposed for a three-degree-of-freedom(3-DOF) planar parallel stage for screen printing, and it solves the kinematic calibration problem of this class of special planar parallel alignment stages. The mapping relationship between the errors of position and orientation and the errors of geometrical parameters is derived by a combination of vector method and analytical method. The Jacobian matrix is obtained. The vision-based and f...