【摘要】 为确定江苏淮南地区小麦优质高产栽培的适宜播种期和种植密度,选用红皮高产强筋小麦品种镇麦168为试验材料,设置10月20日、10月30日、11月15日3个播期和1 hm21.80×106、2.25×106、2.70×106、3.30×106苗4个种植密度,研究播期和种植密度对镇麦168籽粒产量与品质的影响。结果表明:镇麦168的籽粒产量以适期(10月30日)播种最高,分别比早播(10月20日)和迟播(11月15日)增产8.51%和14.40%。种植密度为1hm22.70×106苗时,籽粒产量达最大值。镇麦168的穗数随播期的推迟而下降,但随种植密度的增加而增加;穗粒数和千粒重均以适期播种最高,但随种植密度的增加而降低。推迟播期可显著提高镇麦168籽粒蛋白质和湿面筋含量以及改善面团流变学特性,籽粒蛋白质和湿面筋含量随种植密度的增加呈先下降后升高的趋势,增加种植密度会降低面团吸水率,增加弱化度。在本试验条件下,实现镇麦168优质与高产相结合的播期为10月30日,种植密度为1 hm22.70×106苗。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sowing date and planting density are key management factors for winter wheat( Tritucum aestivum L.) production. In order to figure out the appropriate sowing date and planting density for high yield and better quality in the southern part of Jiangsu,the winter wheat cultivar,Zhenmai 168 with red seed coat and strong gluten was used as experiment material. Three sowing dates( October 20,October 30 and November 15) and four planting densities( 1. 80×106,2.25×106,2.70×106and 3. 30×106seedlings per hm2) were set. The results revealed that the yield reached the greatest at the normal sowing date( October 30),which was 8. 51% and 14. 40% higher than those of early( October 20) and late( November 15) sowing date,respectively. The plant density giving the highest grain yield was 2. 70×106seedings per hm2. The number of spikes decreased with the delay in sowing date and increased with the increase of planting density. Both grains per spike and 1 000-grain weight were the highest at the normal sowing date,but declined with the increase of planting density. Late sowing significantly increased grain protein and wet gluten content,and improved the dough rheological properties. Grain protein and wet gluten content decreased first and then increased with the increase of planting density. Increasing planting density brought down the dough water absorption and raised softening degree. In this study,as far as the grain yield and quality factors were concerned,the appropriate sowing date and planting density for Zhenmai 168 were October 30 and 2. 70×106seedlings per hm2,respectively.更多还原