【摘要】 目的比较贵州赤水产人工培植的不同生长期(1、2、3年)金钗石斛和铁皮石斛中主要活性成分生物碱和多糖的含量,确定其最佳采收期。方法选择3批不同生长期的金钗石斛和铁皮石斛,通过苯酚-硫酸比色法,在490 nm处测定吸光度,检测多糖的含量;应用酸性染料比色法在620 nm测定吸光度,检测总生物碱的含量;采用气相色谱法检测石斛药材中石斛碱的含量。结果多糖4.95~39.95μg·mL-1与吸光度呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9969),测得1、2、3年生长期金钗石斛多糖含量分别为7.74%、2.75%、2.20%,1、2、3年生长期铁皮石斛多糖含量分别为40.40%、30.96%、48.87%;1、2、3年生长期金钗石斛总生物碱含量分别为0.5489%、0.4166%、0.3255%,测得1、2、3年生长期铁皮石斛中的分别为0.0114%、0.0111%、0.0121%;1、2、3年生长期金钗石斛中石斛碱含量分别为0.2212%、0.2229%、0.1129%,而铁皮石斛中几乎未检测到石斛碱。结论一年生金钗石斛及三年生铁皮石斛中总生物碱和多糖含量最高,因此最佳采收期分别为一、三年。更多还原

【Abstract】 OBJECTIVE To determine the best harvest time for higher contents of polysaccharides and total alkaloids,the main active components of D. nobile Lindl and D. candidum Wall. ex Lindl in the different growth time( 1,2,3 years) from Chishui in Guizhou province. METHOD Three batches of Dendrobium were collected from the same area in different growth time. The content of Dendrobium polysaccharides was detected with phenol sulfuric acid colorimetry at 490 nm. The content of total alkaloids in Dendrobium was detected with acid stain colorimetry at 620 nm. The content of dendrobine was detected with gas chromatography. RESULTS The linear relationship was good between concentration and absorbance of Dendrobium polysaccharides in the range of 4. 95-39. 95 μg·mL-1( r =0.9969). The contents of polysaccharides( 1,2,3 years) in Dendrobium nobile were 7.74%,2.75%,2.20%,respectively.The contents of polysaccharides( 1,2,3 years) in Dendrobium candidum were 40. 40%,30. 96%,48. 87%,respectively. The contentsof total alkaloids( 1,2,3 years) in Dendrobium nobile were 0. 5489%,0. 4166%,0. 3255%,respectively,the contents of total alkaloids( 1,2,3 years) in Dendrobium candidum were 0. 0114%,0. 0111%,0.0121%. The contents of dendrobine in Dendrobium nobile were 0. 2212%,0. 2229%,0. 1129%,while in Dendrobium candidum,dendrobine was hardly detectable. CONCLUSION The contents of polysaccharides and total alkaloids in Dendrobium nobile and in Dendrobium candidum are the highest in one year,and 3years,respectively. Which is the best harvest time.更多还原