【摘要】 儿茶酚胺包括肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素和多巴胺,是人体内一类重要的神经递质。因为含有邻苯二酚等多种活性基团,儿茶酚胺对电极表面附近环境的变化有着高度的敏感性,呈现出明显的微环境效应。本文从电化学实验和量子化学计算两个角度综述了儿茶酚胺类神经递质微环境效应的最新研究进展,重点介绍了电极表面的化学修饰情况和生理介质中的生物分子两种微环境因素对儿茶酚胺氧化能力的影响。大量的文献表明,化学修饰电极可改善儿茶酚胺在电极表面的分布与活性,对儿茶酚胺的电化学行为产生特有的催化效应。生理介质中的生物分子能够与儿茶酚胺及其氧化产物醌通过弱相互作用形成超分子,从而影响儿茶酚胺的电化学氧化能力。在此基础上,本文还对儿茶酚胺微环境效应的微观本质的研究前景进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Catecholamine,including adrenaline,noradrenaline,and dopamine,is an important neurotransmitter in human body. The active groups of catecholamine neurotransmitters,such as catechol groups,are sensitive to the microenvironment around electrode surface,and present obvious microenvironmental effects. This article reviews the recent progress of the microenvironmental effects of catecholamine from the view of electrochemical chemistry and quantum chemistry. In this article,we introduce the impact of two microenvironment factors,chemical modification at electrode surface and biomolecule in physiological medium,on the oxidation ability of catecholamine. The literatures show that chemically modified electrode can improve the distribution and activity of catecholamine on the electrode surface,and produce specific catalytic effect to the electrochemical behavior of catecholamine. In addition,the biomolecules in physiological medium can form supramolecular complexes with catecholamine and its oxidative product quinone through weak interaction,and impact the oxidation ability of catecholamine. At last,a brif outlook of the microscopic nature for the microenvironmental effects of catecholamine is given.更多还原