【摘要】 氧化锌(ZnO)纳米线/棒阵列的质量决定了所构建光电器件的性能.为了制备出比表面积更大、垂直性更好以及无根部融合的高质量ZnO纳米线/棒阵列,本文概述了近几年两步水热法可控制备ZnO纳米线/棒阵列的研究进展,分别探讨了种子层、生长液和生长方法对纳米线/棒阵列形貌的影响,详细分析了氨水、六次甲基四胺和聚乙烯亚胺对于促进纳米线/棒阵列生长的作用机理,提出了通过微流控技术可控制备ZnO纳米线阵列提高纳米线生长效率的方法.最后介绍了ZnO纳米线/棒阵列的形貌对于提高染料敏化太阳能电池、纳米发电机、气体传感器和场发射器件性能的重要作用,并对未来两步水热法制备ZnO纳米线/棒阵列的发展趋势进行了展望.更多还原

【Abstract】 The quality of zinc oxide(ZnO) nanowire/rod arrays determines the performance of the constructed photoelectric devices. In order to prepare high-quality ZnO nanowire/rod arrays with greater surface to volume ratio, better verticality and separate roots, a brief summary has been made about the research progress of the controllable preparation of ZnO nanowire/rod arrays using two-step hydrothermal method in this paper. Moreover, how the seed layer, growth solution and preparation method influence their morphology has been discussed respectively, and the mechanisms of ammonia, hexamethylenetetramine and polyethyleneimine in promoting the growth of nanowire/rod arrays have been particularly analyzed. At the same time, the method of controllable preparation of ZnO nanowire arrays based on microfluidic technique has been put forward, which can improve the growth efficiency of nanowire arrays. Finally, an introduction has been made about how the morphology of ZnO nanowire/rod arrays plays an important role in improving the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells, nanogenerators, gas sensors and field emission devices, and an outlook of future development trend of two-step hydrothermal method in preparing ZnO nanowire/rod arrays is also provided.更多还原