【摘要】 为了改良六倍体小偃麦,创制携带E组染色体优良基因的普通小麦新类型。本研究利用六倍体小偃麦与克旱9号杂交选育六倍体小偃麦的衍生系,在杂交后代中选择具有六倍体小偃麦优良农艺性状的普通小麦类型。结果表明:六倍体小偃麦与普通小麦杂交结实率低,平均为21.9%,但F2以后分离复杂,出现一些代换系、易位系,附加系和DE混合的染色体组。有些品系性状表现较好,如分蘖多、抗病、多小穗、多花等。按性状继代选择直至F5共筛选出13个品系即05-9-2、05-9-4、05-9-5、05-9-6、05-9-7、05-9-8、05-9-11、05-9-14、9-9-14、05-9-13、05-7-13、05-7-24、05-7-22。利用花粉母细胞减数分裂观察,分子检测方法、原位杂交技术对以上13个品系进行了鉴定。以期为进一步研究和利用E组染色体改良普通小麦提供理论基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to create new common wheat genotype containing desirable genes of E genomes,the derived lines of Triticum trititrigia( 6X) were obtained by hybridization between T. trititrigia( 6X) and Kehan9 in this study. Common wheat genotypes with beneficial agronomic characters of T. trititrigia( 6X) were screened from the progeny of T.trititrigia( 6X) and common wheat. The results showed that the seed-setting rate was low with an average of 21. 9%when T. trititrigia( 6X) was crossed with common wheat. However,some substitution lines,translocation lines,addition lines and DE hybrid genome were found from F2 to F5generations. Some lines have beneficial traits,e. g.,abundant tiller,disease resistance,abundant spikelets. Based on the characteristic traits,the plants were screened from the F2 to F5generations. We obtained thirteen lines of F5 generations,05- 9- 2,05- 9- 4,05- 9- 5,05- 9- 6,05- 9- 7,05- 9- 8,05- 9- 11,05- 9- 14,9- 9- 14,05- 9- 13,05- 7- 13,05- 7- 24 and 05- 7- 22. The thirteen lines were further characterized via pollen mother cell meiosis observations,RAPD analysis and genomic in situ hybridization. These results can provide useful information for investigation and utilization of E genomes to develop new cultivars.更多还原