【摘要】 [目的]研究酵母球吸附水中对硝基苯胺的吸附热力学特征。[方法]测定pH、温度以及酵母空心球的用量对对硝基苯胺吸附行为的影响。[结果]温度对对硝基苯胺的平衡吸附量的影响不大,在小范围随温度的升高而降低。pH在2.0~8.0范围内,对硝基苯胺都有较高的吸附量。酵母球用量对对硝基苯胺的吸附在一定范围内呈正比,直至达到饱和。对硝基苯胺在酵母空心球上的吸附等温线都能很好地利用Freundlich方程进行拟合,吸附为放热反应且为优惠型吸附,其吸附行为为自发、放热的熵减少过程。[结论]空心球表面有大量的亲水性和疏水性基团。它的两亲属性和特定的化学官能团表明,它是一种潜在的优秀吸附剂。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] The research was aimed to study the adsorption behavior of p-nitroaniline from aqueous solution by porous hollow carbonaceous spheres(PHCSs).[Method] The effects of pH, temperature and amount of carbonaceous microspheres on adsorption behavior of p-nitroaniline were investigated. [Result] The adsorption amount was affected by temperature slightly, and it decreased with the increase of temperature within a certain range. PHCSs had a higher adsorption capacity as pH was in the range of 2.0-8.0. The adsorption amount of p-nitroaniline was proportional to PHCSs amount within a certain range until it reached a saturation level. The adsorption isotherms of p-nitroaniline appeared to be nonlinear and obeyed to Freundlich equation very well. [Conclusion] The amphiphilic property and the specific chemical functional groups of PHCSs enable them to be a potentially excellent sorbent.更多还原