【摘要】 为了克服3-硝基-1,2,4-三唑-5-酮(NTO)的酸性,设计了新的含能离子化合物3-硝基-1,2,4-三唑-5-酮脒基脲盐(GUNTO),以NTO和脒基脲盐酸盐为原料,采用一锅法和分步法两种方法合成了GUNTO,收率均高于85%。用红外光谱、核磁共振、质谱、元素分析和X-射线单晶衍射表征了它的结构。研究了GUNTO的物化性质与爆轰性能。借助晶体密度1.72 g·cm-3和理论计算的生成焓-347.35 kJ·mol-1,运用Kamlet公式预估爆速为6683.49 m·s-1、爆压为19.27 GPa。实测撞击感度、摩擦感度均为0%,特性落高H50大于125.8 cm,10℃·min-1时DSC曲线的峰温为236.8℃。与其他NTO胺盐相比,GUNTO氮含量较高、热稳定性好、感度低。更多还原

【Abstract】 T o reduce the acidity of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one( N T O),a new energetic ionic compound guanylurea salt of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one( GU N T O) w as designed and synthesized by tw o methods of a pot method and distribution method using guanylurea hydrochloride and N T O as starting material w ith total of yields over 85%. Its structure w as characterized by IR,N M R,M S,elemental analysis and Xray single crystal diffraction. T he physiochemical properties and detonation parameters of GU N T O w ere studied. R esults show that by the real density of 1. 72 g·cm-3and the calculated enthalpy of formation of-347. 35 kJ·mol-1,the theoretical detonation velocity and detonation pressure predicted by the Kamlet formulas are 6683. 49 m·s-1and 19. 27 GPa,respectively. T he mechanical sensitivities are determined as: the impact sensitivity is 0%,friction sensitivity is 0% and characteristic drop height of impact sensitivity H50is more than 125. 8cm. T he peak temperature of DSC curve at 10 ℃ ·min-1is 236. 8 ℃. In comparison w ith other amine salts of N T O,GU N T O has higher nitrogen content,better thermal stability and low er sensitivity.更多还原