【摘要】 目的探讨甲醛水溶液电子束辐解效果。方法观察了不同浓度(25、500、11 000 mg/L)甲醛水溶液电子束辐解的效果和表观动力学过程,并考察了添加强碱强酸对甲醛水溶液电子束辐解效率的影响。结果甲醛水溶液电子束辐解过程基本符合准一级动力学形式,且甲醛初始浓度越大,其表观动力学常数越小;添加NaOH后,甲醛初始浓度越大其辐解效率却越高;而添加H2SO4则对任何初始浓度的甲醛水溶液辐解均无明显影响。结论电子束辐射能在不添加助剂条件下有效辐解低于500 mg/L甲醛溶液,对更高浓度甲醛溶液则需添加NaOH来增强辐解效率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the effects of radiolysis by electron-beam on formaldehyde water solution. Methods Electronbeam radiolytic processes and reaction kinetics of formaldehyde solutions with three different concentrations(25, 500 and 11 000 mg/L) were studied. The effects of adding strong alkali and strong acid on the formaldehyde degradation were also discussed. Results The radiolytic degradations of formaldehyde solutions followed the apparent first-order reaction kinetics. Besides, the rate constant decreased as the increase of initial formaldehyde concentration. However, after adding NaOH,the removal rate of formaldehyde ascended faster with higher initial concentration of formaldehyde. But the removal rates of formaldehyde received little effect with the addition of H2SO4. Conclusion The electron-beam radiation can decompose formaldehyde solution(under 500 mg/L) effectively without any addictives. However, adding NaOH is necessary in radiolysis of the formaldehyde solutions with higher concentrations.更多还原