【摘要】 试验通过PCR-SSCP技术检测略阳乌鸡酪氨酸酶基因(TYR)部分启动子区、全部外显子和部分内含子的遗传多样性,并对不同基因型进行了测序和比对分析。结果表明,略阳鸡群体在TYR位点具有较为丰富的遗传变异,在所检测的启动子区有2个单核苷酸多态(SNP)位点;外显子1有2个SNP位点,外显子2、3、4没有检测到变异位点,外显子5存在5个SNP位点;检测的部分内含子2中发现2个SNP位点。mRNA上的7个变异位点有3个发生在编码区,但都是同义突变,没有造成氨基酸变异。表明略阳乌鸡和普通鸡的酪氨酸酶没有氨基酸序列差异,TYR基因在鸡的遗传上是高度保守的。启动子区和内含子区的遗传变异是否与酪氨酸酶的转录剪接和表达量有关,进而影响乌鸡黑色素的沉积还有待进一步研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 The polymorphisms of partial promoter region, all exons and partial intron of TYR in Lueyang Silky Fowl were detected by PCR-SSCP. The results showed that genetic variations of TYR loci in Lueyang chicken population were abundant. There were 11 single nucleotide mutations sites, 2 of them distributed in promoter region, 2 located in exon1 and 5 located in intron, 2 located in intron. There were 3 nonsense mutation sites in coding region. It is indicated that there were no difference in amino acid sequence of tyrosinase between Lueyang silky fowl and Lueyang general chicken. The tyrosinase gene of chicken was highly conserved. Whether the genetic variations of promoter and intron are related with the expression and transcription splicing of tyrosinase, and further affecting the deposition of melanin is needed to be studied further.更多还原