【摘要】 根据2006-07—2007-10南黄海海域4个季节的综合调查,分析了颗粒物(TSP)、总碳、氮、磷、钠、钙和镁等化学要素的季节变化,初步探讨了影响各参数季节变化的原因及其来源。结果显示各要素分布具有明显的季节变化规律,且不同要素分布特征不同。TSP的平均浓度为春季最高、夏季最低;总碳、钠和钙的平均浓度为冬季最高、夏季最低;硝酸盐的平均浓度为春季>冬季>夏季>秋季,磷酸盐则为夏季>秋季>春季>冬季;镁的平均浓度表现为秋季>春季>夏季>冬季。TSP、总碳、氮均呈现离岸近处浓度高的趋势,特别是山东半岛南部海区以及长江口北部海区。与北黄海相比,研究区域内TSP和总碳的季节变化规律相似,但浓度普遍低于前者;硝酸盐浓度略高于前者,而磷酸盐则差异不大。大气颗粒物中氮:磷大于16:1,这可能是造成南黄海潜在磷限制的重要因素。钙主要来自陆源,镁在夏季陆源与海源相当,其他季节主要来自海源。日益增强的人类活动及其影响下的陆-海物质交换是影响南黄海大气颗粒物含量及分布的重要因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the surveys of atmospheric particulates carried out seasonally in the South Yellow Sea from July’2006to October’2007,the seasonal variations of total suspended particles(TSP)and chemical elements such as total carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus,sodium,calcium and magnesium are analyzed,and their influencing factors and sources are preliminarily discussed.The results indicate that the distributions of all the elements analyzed show distinctly a seasonal variation,with differences in the distributions of individual elements being present.The average concentration of TSP is the highest in spring and the lowest in summer.The average concentrations of total carbon,sodium and calcium are the highest in winter and the lowest in summer.The average concentration of nitrate varies in the order of spring> winter>summer>autumn,and phosphate in the order of summer>autumn>spring> winter,while magnesium in the order of autumn>spring>summer> winter.The concentrations of TSP,total carbon and nitrate all tend to be higher in the inshore areas in the four seasons,especially in the areas south of the Shandong Peninsula and north of the Yangtze River Estuary.Comparing with those in the North Yellow Sea,the seasonal variations of TSP and total carbon in the study area are similar,but their concentrations are generally lower,with the concentration of nitrate being slightly higher and the concentration of phosphate differing little.The ratio of N to P in the atmospheric particulates is greater than 16:1,which may be an important factor causing the potential phosphorus limitation in the South Yellow Sea.Calcium comes mainly from the land and magnesium from both the land and the sea in summer and mainly from the sea in other seasons.The increasing human activities and the land-sea material exchange under the influence of these activities could be the important factor that influences the concentration and distribution of the atmospheric particulates over the South Yellow Sea.更多还原