【摘要】 利用卫星遥感资料、逐月2.5°×2.5°和1°×1°NCEP/NCAR再分析资料、逐月1°×1°CRU降水资料,以青藏高原与天山山脉相连区域的热源为切入点,重点探讨高原与天山山脉相连区域的热源、天山区域大气水份循环和云水资源的相关特征,计算了整层水汽、水汽输送、水汽相关矢及视热源等动力、热力诊断物理量,分析了天山区域夏半年降水的时空分布和变化特征。结果表明,天山区域降水和整层水汽集中区位于天山西部;天山区域强垂直运动能够描述出地形效应引起的气流爬升特征。分析天山地区的大气视热源与水汽汇的垂直结构揭示了天山西部充沛云水资源和高原与天山山脉相连的类似"鱼尾"区域的视热源存在显著相关。利用对"鱼尾"地形的整层视热源与整层水汽输送通道的相关矢分析,追踪影响夏半年天山地区丰富云水资源的远距离海洋水汽源,结果发现,夏半年天山地区的水汽源主要来自南部的大西洋、孟加拉湾、阿拉伯海和北部的北冰洋。天山地区水汽、降水和"鱼尾"地形热源具有12年的显著周期,在该周期上,20世纪50年代至末期,"鱼尾"地形热源的周期变化比天山地区的整层水汽的周期变化提前3~4年,而在50-80年代天山地区的整层水汽比降水提前3~4年,之后至末期提前1~2年。天山区域云水资源的年际变化特征一定程度上反映了该区域大气水份循环结构对"鱼尾"地形热源的响应机制。更多还原

【Abstract】 From the point view at the role of the apparent heat source over the area of Tibetan Plateau and which connected with Tianshan Mountain,the relationship between the heat source over the area of Tibetan Plateau and which connected with Tianshan Mountain and the atmospheric water cycle,as well as the cloud-water resource in the Tianshan Mountain regions were investigated,using the satellite data,the monthly National Centers for Atmospheric Prediction and the National Center for Atmospheric Research( NCEP /NCAR) reanalysis with a resolutions of 2. 5° × 2. 5° and 1° × 1°,respectively,together with the Climatic Research Unit( CRU) precipitation data,in order to achieve the investigation on the changes of atmospheric water cycle structure in Tianshan Mountain regions in terms of diagnosis on column water vapor,moisture transport,the correlated vector and the apparent heat source. The spatial-temporal distribution of the summer half year rainfall and its variation was also analyzed. The results show that: The large parts of precipitation and column water vapor over region of Tianshan Mountain are concentrated over its west part. The analysis on the vertical structure of apparent heat source and sink of water vapor also revealed that the rich cloud-water resource is well consistent with the apparent heat source over Tibetan Plateau fishtail type topography. We further analyzed the integrate image of the long distant moisture source,which formed the rich cloud-water resources over the area of Tibetan Plateau and which connected with Tianshan Mountain using the methods correlated vector analysis between the apparent heat source over this region and the column water vapor transport. The results indicated that the atmospheric moisture is mainly come from the South Atlantic Ocean,the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea and the northern Arctic Ocean.A 12-year cycle is obvious for the water vapor,precipitation,and the apparent heat source over " fishtail" type topography. From the 1950 s to nowadays,the cycle of apparent heat source over " fishtail" type topography is ahead of 3 ~ 4 years compared to the changes of column water vapor. However,the column water vapor changes appeared in advance 3 ~ 4 years in contrast to the precipitation over this region,and after that,with an advance in 1 ~ 2 years. The interannual variation of cloud-water resources represented,to some extent,the response mechanism of the regional atmospheric moisture cycle structure to the apparent heat source over fishtail type topography.更多还原