【摘要】 "文明"是社会科学领域一个重要的概念,理论界围绕文明的冲突、普适文明、文明的霸权等展开了持续的探讨和争论。本文梳理了18世纪以来文明标准的发展和变迁,认为争论的根源之一是文明标准的难以提出和确定。如果人类无法形成共识性的"文明的标准"以及解释这一标准的共识性机制,那么"文明"概念必将陷入"文明的悖论"之中。本文认为文明的标准应是一个多层次的体系,只有构建属于全人类的最高层次的文明标准,才能够走出文明的悖论,而且当代的信息革命和全球化也为这种构建提供了条件。更多还原

【Abstract】 "Civilization"has been an important concept in social sciences,and the contemporary theoretical circles have conducted debates on the future direction of human civilization,the clash of civilizations,universal civilization,and hegemony of civilization.All these controversies lie in the definition of civilization standards,namely,whether we can make a universal standard in order to judge the civilization and determine its level.This paper points out that the civilization standard should be a multi-level system and,only the construction of the highest level of standard of civilization which belongs to the whole mankind,can help us get out of the paradox of civilization.The current information revolution and globalization provide conditions for such construction.更多还原