【摘要】 当前中国的地方治理中普遍存在着大量的潜规则现象,研究目的在于阐述潜规则与明规则的共生关系。研究采用案件统计分析方法,对2012—2013年159件媒体报道的非法拆迁事例加以分析。以非法拆迁为例,研究发现:一方面,正是由于明规则本身存在的问题,使得明规则难以根除潜规则,并导致了潜规则的盛行;另一方面,潜规则并不能脱离明规则而独立运行,它必须依附在明规则之上,体现在利用政策目标的合法性、政策手段的软约束、政策监控的形式化等方面。研究的不足之处在于:由于部分新闻报道存在价值倾向,部分事例缺乏后续的报道以及对具体情境的了解,事例的指标会受到影响。本文的分析有助于政府对非法拆迁这类潜规则的治理,相应的对策包括提供有效的政策手段、调整不合理的政策目标、保障民众的合法权利等。同时,本文首次探讨了潜规则与明规则在中国场景下的共生,也有助于深化整个社会对潜规则的理性认识。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present,there are a multitude of phenomena about concealed rules in Chinese local governance. This paper aims at explaining the issue of the coexistence between concealed rules and formal rules. Statistical analysis of 159 cases reported by the media about illegal demolition in 2012 and 2013 was conducted. Based on cases of illegal demolition,the paper finds that formal rules can’t wipe out concealed rules because of the problems of formal rules,which lead to the prevailing of concealed rules;and concealed rules can’t exist independently,it must attach itself to formal rules,by making use of the legitimacy of policy objectives,the soft constraint of policy implementation,and the inefficiency of policy monitoring. The key limitation of the study is that indexes of cases may be affected for the reasons that some reports have the biased value,and some cases lack the follow-up news and the knowledge of particular context. The proposed theoretical analysis can assist government to govern concealed rules about illegal demolition. The corresponding countermeasures include providing effective policy instruments,regulating unreasonable policy objectives,and guaranteeing the legal right of citizens. For the first time,this paper illustrates the coexistence between concealed rules and formal rules under the context of china,which will contribute to deepening the rational understanding of concealed rules for the entire society.更多还原