【摘要】 以静电纺丝技术制备的同轴聚甲基丙烯酸十八烷基酯(PSMA)/聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)纳米储能纤维为支撑层,经聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)涂覆成膜和溶剂化处理,制备了一种低压高水通量的纳米储能纤维复合过滤膜(NFCM),其中以水或乙醇为凝固溶液的复合过滤膜分别记为NFCM@H2O或NFCM@EtOH.分析并讨论了不同溶剂处理方式对NFCM力学性能和表面形貌的影响,表征了膜的纯水通量和抗污性能,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了膜的横断面形貌.结果表明,PSMA/PET纳米储能纤维具有明显的吸放热行为,熔融温度和热焓值分别为36.5℃和10.7J/g,NFCM的熔融温度和热焓值分别为36℃和2.7J/g.NFCM的形貌结构、纯水通量和截留率与溶剂处理方式相关,NFCM@EtOH膜的水通量介于100~1400L/(m2·h)之间,而NFCM@H2O膜的水通量仅在40~220L/(m2·h)之间.NFCM的拉伸强度由初始0.925MPa(PVDF)提高到4.28MPa以上.NFCM中的相变材料对膜过滤性能有重要影响,并在过滤温度低于50℃时具有减缓作用.更多还原

【Abstract】 Two type of composite membranes( NFCM) containing poly( stearyl methacrylate)( PSMA) /poly( ethylene terephthalate)( PET) nanofiber supporting layer,prepared by coaxial electrospinning technology,and poly( vinylidene fluoride)( PVDF) substrate,were prepared using water or ethanol as the coagulation solution. NFCM has the low pressure and high water flux against the bulk PVDF membrane at the same condition. The morphological structure,the pure water flux and the rejection of NFCM show the strong dependence upon the solvent-treated process. The water flux of NFCM @ EtOH is in the range from 100 to1400 L /( m2·h); while for NFCM@ H2 O,its water flux only is between 40 and 220 L /( m2·h),indicating that EtOH shows the greatly influence on the surface porosity of membrane. The tensile strength of membrane changes from 0. 925 MPa of the original PVDF to 4. 28 MPa of NFCM,demonstrating that the incorporated nanofibers can effectively improve the mechanical property of PVDF membrane. Obvious thermal behaviour and the temperature buffering ability appear in NFCM,and it exhibits an active response when temperature is below 50 ℃. The slowdown amplitude of water flux with temperature is observed in NFCM as compared with the control. The prepared NFCM containing PSMA / PET nanofiber as the supporting layer provides a way to obtain the high-performance composite membrane with the high water flux.更多还原