【摘要】 为水稻亚种间杂交育种优势的利用引入普通野生稻基因提供分子依据,从序列水平上比较不同经纬度普通野生稻叶绿体DNA的多态性,运用PCR法对16个普通野生稻的叶绿体部分序列扩增后纯化产物测序,用软件MEGA3.1分析测序结果。结果表明,普通野生稻叶绿体DNA多态性比典型籼、粳稻丰富;分布于低纬度(18°~22°N)的崖县、乐东、东方、昌江、合浦、公馆和高州的普通野生稻和较高纬度(>28°N)的东乡野生稻的叶绿体偏籼,而中纬度(22°~27°N)的扶绥、增城、田阳、柳江、桂林、江永、安仁和茶陵普通野生稻以粳型叶绿体为主。结论:普通野生稻的分型分布主要与纬度相关,与经度关系不大;同时从叶绿体水平证明了普通野生稻出现了籼粳分化趋势,普通野生稻在驯化过程中出现了基因丢失现象。更多还原

【Abstract】 The chloroplast DNA polymorphism of 16 common wild rice varieties with different longitude and latitude was analyzed by PCR and MEGA 3.1software based on the sequence level to provide the molecular basis for introduction of common wild rice genes in heterosis utilization between rice subspecies.The results showed that the chloroplast DNA polymorphism of common wild rice is more abundant than typical indica rice and Japonica rice,and the chloroplast morphology of common wild rice from Yaxian,Ledong,Dongfang,Changjiang,Hepu,Gongguan and Gaozhou with 18°~22°N and Dongxiang with>28°N is similar to indica rice but the chloroplast morphology of common wild rice from Fusui,Zengcheng,Tianyang,Liujiang,Guilin,Jiangshui,Anren and Chaling with 22°~27°N belongs to japonica rice.In conclusion,the type distribution of common wild rice is mainly related to latitude.The indica and japonica differentiation trend in common wild rice can be proved at the chloroplast level and gene elimination occurs during the domestication process of common wild rice.更多还原