【摘要】 为了揭示欧洲云杉种实性状的表型变异程度及其变异规律,对欧洲云杉44个家系的25个种实性状进行调查,并对其多样性进行分析,结果表明:球果长、球果长/宽、鲜质量、干质量、种子长、种子宽家系间和家系内差异均达显著水平,其余种实性状家系间差异达显著水平;种实性状家系间的表型分化系数(Vs,t)为66.77%~99.27%。欧洲云杉家系平均千粒质量为(9.904 6±1.594 5)g,家系间变幅为5.40~13.60 g;种实性状间,发芽势、发芽率与千粒质量呈极显著正相关,球果长/宽与千粒质量不相关,种子长/宽除与种子宽呈极显著负相关外,与其他种实性状不相关;其他种实性状间呈极显著或显著相关关系。欧洲云杉种实性状受强的家系遗传控制,家系间具有丰富的遗传变异,遗传改良潜力大,筛选出千粒质量≥11.05 g的10个家系可用于种子园营建和多目标育种。更多还原

【Abstract】 An investigation was conducted to study the cone and seed traits of 25 families in Picea abies to reveal variation patterns of family phenotypic. There are significant differences between and within the families of the cone and seed traits. The cone length,cone length / width,fresh weight,dry weight,seed length,seed width and other characters have significant differences in different families. The phenotypic differentiation coefficient(Vs,t) of P. abies families is 66. 77%-99. 27%, thousand kernel weight is 9. 904 6 ± 1. 594 5 g and its amplitude among families is 5. 40- 13. 60 g. Among most cone and seed traits,the germination potential,germination rate and thousand kernel weight are positively correlated,but there is no correlation between cone length / width and thousand kernel weight. There is significantly negative correlation between the seed length / width and seed width,but not significant with other traits. There is very significant or significant correlation between other traits. Therefore,the cone and seed traits of families in P. abies are controlled by family genetic with abundant genetic variances and large genetic improvement potentiality. Ten families with thousand kernel weight of more than 11. 05 g were selected for seed orchard establishment and breeding of multiple targets.更多还原