【摘要】 目的探讨影响献血者再次献血的相关因素,以建立有效的献血招募保留方式及与之相匹配的献血激励机制。方法根据赫茨伯格双因素(保健因素和激励因素)理论,通过访谈法、问卷法,分析影响献血者再次献血的相关因素。结果其对470人进行调查,包括访谈20人、发放(及收回)问卷450份,得到有效问卷398份。根据访谈结果编制调查问卷,10个因素总得分排序如下:献血可以挽救生命(761分),适量献血无损健康(729分),采血耗材的安全性(723分),献血后的关爱活动(589分),志愿者的现场服务(576分),献血环境的设施(456分),献血后用血报销政策(453分),采血护士的操作技术(443分),工作人员的服务态度(437分),献血地点的设置(364分);相关的激励因素排在前5位,相关的保健因素排在后5位。结论激励因素能够带来满意感,保健因素可以消除不满,应用双因素理论将影响献血者再次献血的相关因素分为保健因素和激励因素,简化了献血动机的复杂性,对实际工作具有重要指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the related factors that influence the blood donors’ repeated blood donations;to establish an effective way of recruiting repeat blood donors through appropriate incentive mechanism. Methods According to dual-factor theory,also known as Herzberg’s motivation-hygiene theory,interviews and question naires were conducted to analyze the related factors contributing to repeated blood donations. Results A total of 470 people were investigated:20 were given interviews and 450 were given questionnaires(of which 398 were valid). The results of the interview and questionnaires demonstrated ten following key factors in descending order of importance:blood donation can save lives(761 points),a moderate amount of blood donation is not harmful(729 points),the safety of blood supplies(723 points),the care after donation of blood(589 points),the volunteers’ services at the site(576 points),the environment and facilities for blood donation(456points),the reimbursement policy on blood donations(453 points),nurses’ techniques in collecting blood(443 points),the staff’sattitudes and services(437 points),and the setup of blood donation site(364 points). Motivation-related factors corresponded to the top five factors,while hygiene-related factors corresponded to the bottom five. Conclusion Motivational factors can bring satisfaction,while hygiene factors can eliminate discontent. The application of the two-factor theory in the incentive mechanism of repeated blood donations should be divided into two categories:hygiene factors and motivational factors. As the complexity of motives behind blood donations simplifies,this theory provides important guidance for practical work.更多还原