【摘要】 在全球化进程不断深入的现代社会,来自不同文化背景中的个体持续地接触就会引发对文化认同的思考。文化认同是民族认同和国家认同的基石,近年来已经成为多学科交叉的一个重要领域,也是心理学家感兴趣的课题之一。在心理学视野下,文化认同的研究主要集中在发展心理学、社会心理学及跨文化心理学等领域。发展心理学的视角强调个体文化认同的建构和形成是一个复杂变化的过程。社会认同理论关注文化认同和自尊的关系,强烈安全的民族认同会促进个体自尊水平的提高。文化适应理论则重视个体在文化认同发展中的不同应对策略,如整合、同化、分离和边缘化。人口统计学指标、文化差异、父母和同伴的社会支持是影响个体文化认同建构的主要因素。未来对文化认同的研究需要进一步完善。在理论方面,既要检验已有理论的普适性,又要根据具体的国情和研究对象,拓展并完善相关理论,体现出理论发展的创新性。在方法方面,应加大纵向研究、跨地区跨民族的对比研究以及质性研究,从而为更好地理解文化认同提供支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the modern world with a rapid development of globalization,people from different cultural backgrounds contact continuously and may think of the issue of cultural identity.Cultural identity is an essential foundation of ethnic identity and national identity and has been an important cross-filed subject as well as an interesting topic for psychologists.Studies of cultural identity are mainly conducted in developmental psychology,social psychology and cross-cultural psychology. The cultural identity theory originated from developmental psychology focuses on the complex and changing construction process.Social identity theory emphasizes the relationship between cultural identity and self-esteem.It posits that a strong and secure ethnic identity may improve one’ s self-esteem.Acculturation theory values different coping strategies of individuals,such as integration,assimilation,separation and marginalization.Demographics,cultural differences,and social support of parents and peers are the main factors that may impact cultural identity.Future studies of cultural Identity can be improved in the aspects of theories and methods.We should not only test the generalization of some theories,but also develop them in terms of practical circumstances and subjects to reflect the creativity of researchers.Longitudinal studies,comparative studies and qualitative studies should be recommended to provide the support to better understand the mechanism under discussion.更多还原