【摘要】 CO2排放权的分配问题不仅是构建碳交易市场的起点,还是排放权交易中最具争议和最为核心的问题。为科学、合理地实施企业CO2排放权初始分配,从经济最优性、分配公平性、生产连续性三方面的综合决策角度出发,构建了一个以企业环境经济效益最大化、CO2减排费用和综合基尼系数及CO2排放方差最小化为目标的CO2排放权初始分配多目标决策优化模型,并将该模型应用于既定企业的CO2减排任务分摊中,对环境决策者的目标决策选择行为进行敏感性分析。结果表明:减排成本较小、经济发展规模较好及公平性指标值较高的企业更有可能承担较大的减排任务;企业决策者对不同目标的选择,有利于挖掘具有高减排潜力的企业,以实现整体减排分摊的优化;该分配方法既克服了单目标分配的缺陷,又兼顾了各企业的实际差异,是一种较为理想的分配方式。更多还原

【Abstract】 In hoping to help the government and its departments concerned to implement successfully the policy of rational allocation rights of carbon dioxide emission among the enterprises,this paper has established a multi-objective model for the initial allocation of carbon dioxide emission rights,which can be taken not only as a starting point for building a fair carbon-trading market,but also the most controversial and central issue in emissions of the trading process. Taking into comprehensive account the three viewpoints of the economic optimization,the equity principle and the continuity of production,the present model is aimed to bring the multiple goal of the maximized environment and economic benefits,the minimized abatement expenses,the comprehensive Gini coefficient and carbon dioxide emission variance for the enterprises into being. Furthermore,to prove the validity of the model,we have proposed an allocation plan for the carbon dioxide reduction obligations for the given enterprises,in accordance with which the enterprises themselves should be made a responsible decision maker to select its own sensitive emission goals. As the result,the model we have established and would like to propose to the government departments concerned as well as to the due enterprises bears the following specific characteristic features:( 1) The distribution consequences have been worked out based on the relevant data sources of the given enterprises,who are entitled to own less abatement costs but better promising economic development prospect and fair index value,and,in turn,are expected to be well received because of a greater reduction task;( 2) The decision makers of the enterprises will be helpful to make high emission reduction potential choices on the different targets so as to realize the goal for the optimized share of the emission rights;( 3) At the same time,the allocation scheme should not only be able to overcome the defects of a single-objective decision making model but also take into full account all kinds of actual differences among the enterprises in the respective areas so as to make the allocation scheme idealistic. Thus,the model we have prepared has proved to be valuable for the correlational studies and policy setting in the due area.更多还原