【摘要】 利用1951~2012年三江平原佳木斯降水观测资料,采用统计分析方法,分析冰雪季节降水的变化特征。结果表明,佳木斯近62年平均降水量为532.1 mm,呈明显的下降趋势,减少速率为9.41 mm/10a,主要由于夏季降水减少造成的,冰雪季节、春季和冬季反而呈升高趋势,1、2、3、4、11、12月降水量均呈升高趋势;20世纪50、60和80年代降水比多年平均值偏多,其余年代偏少;冬季和春季50年代和21世纪前12年降水充沛、明显偏多,其余年代均偏少,其中2010年春季春涝增多91.6%,1970年春旱减少87.1%;秋季50、70和90年代偏多,其余年代偏少。各时段不同等级年降水日数气候倾向率≥0.1 mm和≥1.0 mm呈减少趋势,大强降水有增多趋势,各年代各等级降水日数距平50年代均为正距平,70年代均为负距平;其余年代变化不大。50~70年代降雪日数少,但积雪时间长,降雪的初终日数也偏多。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the observed data of precipitation in Sanjiang Plain in Jiamusi from 1951 to 2012,using statistical analysis method,the variation characteristics of precipitation on snowy season were analyzed. The results showed that the average precipitation near 62a of Jiamusi is 532. 1mm and reduced by 9. 41mm /10a,and it is on a downward trend,mainly caused by reduced precipitation in summer,and it is on an upward trend in summer,winter and on snowy season. The precipitation was higher than the average in 1950s,1960s and 1980s,and it was less in the rest of the year. The precipitation was obviously higher in winter and spring in1950s than the rest of the year. Spring flood increased by 91. 6% in 2010,and spring drought reduced by 87. 1% in 1970. The precipitation was a little higher in autumn in 1950s,1960s and 1970s than the rest of the year. The period of precipitation of different grade climate tendency rate ≥ 0. 1mm and ≥ 1. 0mm showed a decreasing trend,and the precipitation was on the increasing trend. Each grade of precipitation days were positive anomaly in 1950s,and negative in 1970s,and there were little change in the rest of the year. The snowfall days was less between 1950s and 1970s,but the period of snowy days were longer.更多还原