【摘要】 [目的]为发掘耐深水荷花(Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn),建立荷花苗期耐深水性评价体系。[方法]根据逐步增加水深过程中盆栽荷花表型变化,将深水胁迫指数划分为7个等级;采用叶色、叶形态、叶柄高度、叶柄粗度、成活率5个外观形态指标,进行定量分级,制定等级得分标准,然后以各指标的得分总和对耐深水性进行综合评价,建立评价体系,对20个荷花品种耐深水性鉴定。[结果]不同荷花品种对水深要求差异较大,初步筛选结果为:极不耐深水品种2个,分别为"红飞天"和"贵妃醉酒";不耐深水品种8个,分别为"友谊牡丹莲"、"欢庆"、"粉牡丹"、"红台莲"、"金碧辉煌"、"伯里之子"、"似彩云"和"似粉黛";较耐深水品种8个,分别为"深情"、"新统帅"、"上海一号"、"普者黑白荷"、"碧云"、"梨花白"、"金色年华"和"红巨子";高度耐深水品种2个,分别为"台城拂翠"和"秦淮花灯"。耐深水荷花以1.2 m水深为宜。[结论]该研究初步筛选出2个高度耐深水荷花品种"台城拂翠"和"秦淮花灯",可为荷花耐深水育种奠定基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] In order to discover its deepwater tolerant cultivar,an evaluation system for deepwater tolerance of N. nucifera Gaertn at seedling stage was established. [Method] In terms of the morphological indices changes with water depth raising gradually,the level of deepwater damage was classified into 7 grades. Five morphological criteria,leaf color,leaf morphology,petiole height,petiole thickness and survival rate,were quantified by grading and scoring,then the deepwater tolerance was identified by the comprehensive scores of the five criteria,thus the evaluation system was established to identify the deepwater tolerance of 20 N. nucifera Gaertn cultivars. [Result] Different N. nucifera Gaertn cultivars had big difference in request to water depth,the preliminary screening results were as follows: Highly deepwater sensitive cultivars were 2,‘Hong Feitian’and‘Guifei Zuijiu’; deepwater sensitive cultivars were 8,‘Friendship peony lotus’,‘Festivity’, ‘Pink peony’,‘Hongtai Lian’,‘Jinbihuihuang’,‘Boli Zhi Zi’,‘Si Caiyun’and‘Si Fendai’; less deepwater tolerant cultivars were 8, ‘Deep love’,‘New Tong Shuai’,‘Shanghai No. 1’,‘Puzhe Heibaihe’,‘Biyun’,‘Lihuabai’,‘Golden Age’and‘Hong Juzi’; highly deepwater tolerant cultivars were 2,‘Taicheng Focui’and‘Qinhuai Hualian’. The 1. 2 m-water was critical deepwater to identify deepwater tolerance cultivar of N. nucifera Gaertn. [Conclusion] The study screens two highly deepwater tolerance cultivars,‘Taicheng Focui’and ‘Qinhuai Hualian’,which lays a basis for deepwater tolerance breeding of N. nucifera Gaertn.更多还原