【摘要】 以石墨坩埚为阳极,钨棒为阴极,在750°C的MgCl2-LaCl3-KCl熔盐体系中,采用恒电位电解制备Mg-La合金。研究氧化物和氟化物的加入对电解的影响,通过XRD对部分Mg-La合金产物和电解渣进行表征。随着MgO或La2O3在熔盐电解质中加入量的增加,电流效率和所得合金产物的质量都减小,表明MgO和La2O3参与电解质中的反应。在加入的氧化物质量相同的情况下,MgO与La2O3相比对电流效率和合金产物质量的影响更明显。XRD研究结果表明:MgO或La2O3加入到熔盐电解质中后,有LaOCl生成,LaOCl电解渣的生成是氧化物对电解消极影响的主要原因。在本实验的的熔盐体系中,CaF2的加入对消除MgO的负面影响没有积极意义,这可能和镧化合物在熔盐电解质中的复杂反应有关。更多还原

【Abstract】 Mg-La alloys were prepared by constant voltage electrolysis in the molten salt system of MgCl2-LaCl3-KCl at 750 °C, with a graphite crucible as the anode and a tungsten rod as the cathode. The effect of oxide and fluoride addition on the electrolysis was investigated comprehensively. X-ray diffraction(XRD) was used to characterize some of the Mg-La alloy products and the sludges. As the content of MgO or La2O3 in the electrolyte increased, both the current efficiency and the mass of alloy product decreased, indicating that both MgO and La2O3 may take part in the reactions in the electrolyte. When the same mass of the oxide was added, compared with La2O3, MgO had a more pronounced effect on both the current efficiency and the mass of alloy product. XRD studies confirmed the formation of LaOCl when MgO or La2O3 was added into the electrolyte. The formation of LaOCl sludge would be the main reason for the negative effect of the oxide addition on both the current efficiency and the mass of alloy. In the electrolytic system, the addition of CaF2 was not helpful to suppress the negative effect of MgO on the electrolysis, probably due to the complex reactions of the La compounds in the electrolyte.更多还原