【摘要】 通过现场调查、水质分析以及模拟污染物扩散迁移发现,受水文地质条件的控制,在焦作不同区域浅层地下水的主要污染方式不同。水文地质条件还影响着污染物在地下水系统中的分布、迁移。在山前倾斜冲洪积平原地区,主要污染方式为入渗-径流扩散,由于包气带渗透性强、降水相对丰富,污染物容易随着大气降水地表水的入渗进入含水层,导致本区浅层地下水对污染敏感性较高,浅层地下水中污染物浓度高于其他地区,污染物进入地下水系统后在地下径流的控制下自西北向东南方向扩散,沿大沙河一线扩散最快;山前交接洼地,毛细上升高度大、速度快,又处于地下水径流的势汇处,径流-蒸发浓缩作用成为主要的污染方式,长期的蒸发浓缩作用使得该区总硬度普遍超标;黄沁河冲积平原地区,地下径流较弱,垂直交替作用强烈,入渗-蒸发浓缩是该区主要的污染方式,受包气带土层特殊性质的影响,虽然土壤中氟的总含量处于正常水平,但是浅层地下水氟污仍然染较严重。更多还原

【Abstract】 Through on-the-spot surveys,water quality analysis and simulation of pollutants’ diffusion and migration law,it is found that by the control of hydrogeological conditions,different areas of Jiaozuo has different groundwater pollution.Hydrogeological conditions also affect the distribution and migration of contaminants in groundwater systems.In the Piedmont inclined diluvial plain areas,the main mode of contamination is infiltration-runoff diffusion.Although the thickness in the vadose zone is greater than that in other regions,due to the permeability of the vadose zone is better,precipitation is relatively abundant,contaminants easily into the aquifer with the meteoric infiltration of surface water and precipitation,causing this area to be more sensitive to pollution.After entering groundwater,contaminants diffuse from northwest to southeast under the control of groundwater runoff,in which the diffusion along the Dasha River line is the fastest.In the Piedmont handover depression,the height of capillary rise big,speed,and located in the groundwater flow’s potential exchange place,so the dominant pollution effect is runoff-evaporation and concentration effect.The long-term evaporation concentration effect makes the total hardness overweight commonly.In the alluvial plain areas of the Huangqin River,underground runoff is weak,the vertical alternation role is strong,so the rainfall infiltration and evaporation concentration is the main way of pollution.Under the influence of special hydrogeological conditions,although total fluoride content in the soil is at normal levels,but the fluorine pollution in the shallow groundwater is still serious.更多还原