【摘要】 以夏玉米生育期内供需水量作为夏玉米旱涝评价指标,运用GIS、统计学和农业气象学等方法,系统分析聊城地区1961—2011年夏玉米生长期间的降水情况,通过计算旱涝指数表明,夏玉米生长阶段旱涝灾害频发,以干旱影响为主,苗期(播种—出苗)发生干旱的频率高达80.4%,非常容易出现卡脖旱现象,严重影响夏玉米正常生长发育。随着全球气候变暖,旱情有逐年加重的趋势,给本地区夏玉米的可持续发展埋下隐患。应对旱涝灾害的主要措施有:加强基础设施建设;组织抗逆栽培技术研究与应用;大力推广节水技术;科学运用空中和地下水资源;保障夏玉米生长关键期的栽培用水等。更多还原

【Abstract】 The water supply and demand amount in summer maize growth period was set as drought and waterlogging evaluation index of summer maize.Using the methods of GIS,statistics and agrometeorology,the precipitation cases in the summer maize growth period in Liaochen district from 1961 to 2011 were systematically analyzed.Through the calculation of Palmer drought severity index,it was found that drought and waterlogging frequently occurred in the summer maize growth stage,in which drought played the main role.The occurrence frequency of drought achieved 80.4% in seedling stage,and the phenomenon of the critical drought easily happened,which seriously influenced the normal growth of summer maize.With global warming,the drought showed increase trend year by year,which would give rise to the trouble for the district sustainable development of summer maize.The main measures on dealing with drought and waterlogging were as followes:strengthening the construction of infrastructure,organizing the research and application of cultivation technique under stresses,promoting water saving technology,using the air and groundwater resources well and guaranteeing the cultural water in the critical period of summer maize growth.更多还原