【摘要】 目的了解医院感染现状及特点、病原体检出及抗菌药物使用,为临床预防医院感染提供依据。方法采用病历查阅和床边访视相结合的方法,调查2011年11月29日0∶00-24∶00时所有住院患者(包括当日出院、转科及死亡的患者,不包括当日新入院的患者)发生医院感染的情况。结果实查1118例,发生医院感染113例、118例次,医院感染现患率为10.11%、例次感染率为10.55%;医院感染部位分布前3位分别为下呼吸道、上呼吸道及血液,分别占60.02%、8.47%及6.78%;抗菌药物使用率为35.24%;医院感染患者微生物标本送检率为84.07%;阳性检出率24.21%;高龄、中心动静脉插管、使用呼吸机和外周静脉给药是发生医院感染的危险因素。结论医院感染现患率偏高,应进一步加强医院感染监测,控制相关危险因素,降低医院感染发生率。更多还原

【Abstract】 OBJECTIVE To estimate the status of nosocomial infections and characteristics,status of pathogenic bacteria detection and the use of antibiotics.METHODS The clinical data were collected by means of bedside and medical record investigation from all inpatients admitted in the hospital on Nov 29,2011(including the patients who were discharged from the hospital,transferred to other departments and the patients who died,excluding the patients who enrolled on the survey day).RESULTS Of 1118 cases of patients actually investigated,totally 113 cases(118 case-times) were infected in the hospital.The rate of current nosocomial infections was 10.11% and the case-time infection rate was 10.55%.The use rate of antibiotics was 35.24%.The lower respiratory tract,upper respiratory tract and the blood were the most prevalent infection sites,accounting for 60.02%,8.47%,and 6.78%,respectively.The submission rate of microorganism specimens from the infection cases was 84.07%,and the positive rate was 24.21%.The factors including the age,central vascular catheter,use of ventilator and peripheral intravenous administration increased the risk of nosocomial infections.CONCLUSION The prevalence rate of nosocomial infections is high,it is necessary to further strengthen the monitoring of nosocomial infections and control the related risk factors so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.更多还原