【摘要】 目的评估云南省2008年和2010年麻疹减毒活疫苗(Measles Attenuated Live Vaccine,MV)补充免疫活动(Supplementary Immunization Activities,SIA)控制麻疹的效果。方法收集云南省2008年、2010年MVSIA接种、现场调查、人群抗体水平及法定传染病报告系统的麻疹疫情资料,应用描述流行病学方法评价控制效果。结果 2008年和2010年,MVSIA报告接种率分别为97.90%和98.21%;报告>90%的乡(镇)快速评估接种率>85%;人群麻疹抗体监测阳性率分别为87.22%和95.03%。MVSIA前,即2008年1～l0月,麻疹报告发病2850例,报告发病率6.314/l0万;MVSIA后,2009年同期报告发病638例,报告发病率1.404/10万:2010年报告发病86例,报告发病率0.187/l0万。至2010年末,麻疹报告发病数及报告发病率降至云南省有历史数据记录以来的最低。结论云南省2008年及2010年MVSIA效果显著。在常规免疫基础上适时开展MVSIA,能短期内迅速提高人群免疫力,有效阻断麻疹病毒的传播。但提高和巩固适龄儿童的常规免疫接种率和及时接种率,加强监测、评估、管理、督导,才是保障实现消除麻疹目标的根本途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the effect of supplementary immunization activities (SIA) of meas1es attenuated 1ive vaccine (MV). Methods Collecting immunization data of SIA, field investigation , the population antibody level and data from notifiable diseases reporting system. Analyzing the data with descriptire epidemiology. Result The coverage of SIA of Measles vaccine was 97.90 % and 98.10 % during 2009-2011 respectively. The coverage rate are > 85 % in 90 % township by fast evaluation. The population antibody level was 87.22 % and 95.03 % . Before MV SIA (Jan.-Oct.2008), the measles incidence was 2850 cases , with an incidence rate of 6.314/100, 000 . After MV SIA , the meas1es incidence was reduced to 638 cases and the incidence rate to 1.404/100, 000 in the same period in 2009 and to 86 cases with the incidence of 0.187/100, 000 in 20l0 . By the end of 20l0 , the reported measles incidence and incidence rate reduced to the lowest level in the history .ConcIusion The effectiveness of MV SIA was good in Yunnan province in the year of 2008 and 2010. On the basis of routine immunization, MV SIA can rapidly improve herd immunity and effectively block the dissemination of meas1es virus. For realizing the goal of Measles elimination, it is necessary to improve and maintain the coverage of routine immunization and SIAs, strengthen surveillance and management, conduct evaluation and supervision.更多还原