【摘要】 利用投入产出分析方法,计算了我国2002~2007年出口贸易中隐含的SO2、COD和氨氮排放量,然后利用LMDI方法将影响上述排放量变化的因素分解为规模效应、结构效应和技术效应.结果显示:2002~2007年我国出口对国内SO2、COD和氨氮排放量的贡献都在20%以上,其中出口规模的扩大对于出口贸易中隐含SO2、COD和氨氮排放量增加起着重要的推动作用,而技术进步和出口结构变动的影响则随行业和时间的不同而呈现出显著差异性.分析我国出口贸易中隐含污染排放量较高的原因,主要来自于出口结构不合理,出口产品的环境效率低下,出口总量增速快.因此,本文对我国提出了几点政策建议,包括实施绿色贸易政策、绿化海关进出口产品目录、鼓励生态标志产品出口及采取进口替代政策.更多还原

【Abstract】 Input-output model has been adopted firstly to calculate SO2,COD and ammonia nitrogen emission embodied in exports respectively.Then the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index(LMDI) model has been used to decompose SO2,COD and ammonia nitrogen emission change embodied in exports into the scale effect,the structural effect and the technological effect,and analyzed the impacts of the three effects on the change of SO2,COD and ammonia nitrogen emission embodied in exports of each industry and the whole China.The results show that the export brought about more than 20% of SO2,COD and ammonia nitrogen emission in China during the period of 2002-2007,and the expansion of export scale promoted the increase of SO2,COD and ammonia nitrogen emission embodied in exports remarkably.However,the impacts of technological progress and structural adjustment of exports differed from year to year and industry to industry obviously.Based on structural decomposition analysis,the reasons of higher embodied pollutants emission in exports are mainly from the unreasonable structure in export product,low environmental efficiency of the export product and fast growth rate of total export amount.This paper gives several policy suggestions,including implementing green trade policy;greening the custom’s import and export product catalogue;encouraging export of product with ecological labeling,and adopting import substitution policy.更多还原