【摘要】 目的:了解我院目前细菌耐药状况,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供参考依据。方法:对2012年我院临床分离的细菌耐药数据进行回顾性分析。结果:2012年我院分离出细菌4 754株,其中革兰阴性菌3 504株(占73.7%),革兰阳性菌1 250株(占26.3%)。大肠埃希菌(1 030株)、肺炎克雷伯菌(779株)、金黄色葡萄糖球菌(502株)、铜绿假单胞菌(444株)、鲍曼不动杆菌(426株)检出细菌数居前5位,为我院临床常见细菌,总菌株数占检出细菌总数的66.9%;对大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌等临床常见发酵菌,亚胺培南仍是耐药率最低的药物;对非发酵菌则需根据药物敏感性试验选择治疗药物;对葡萄球菌属耐药率最低的是万古霉素。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)检出率为21.9%,耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)检出率为87.9%。结论:细菌耐药性较2011年有所下降,但总的耐药形势仍然严峻,特别是非发酵菌的耐药率仍较高,临床选择药物治疗方案困难,合理使用抗菌药物任重道远。更多还原

【Abstract】 OBJECTIVE: To investigate the status quo of the bacterial resistance in our hospital so as to provide reference for clinical rational use of antibiotics. METHODS: The data regarding the bacterial resistance of clinical isolates in our hospital during 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: A total of 4 754 bacterial strains were isolated in 2012,of which,3 504( 73. 7%) were gram-negative bacteria and 1 250( 26. 3%) gram-positive bacteria.The top 5 isolates ranked by number were E. coli,K. pneumoniae,S. aureus,P. aeruginosa,A. bautnannii,and they accounted for 66. 9% of total bacteria detected. E. coli and K. pneumoniae and the other common clinical fermentative bacteria showed lowest resistance to imipenem. For the non-fermentation bacteria,the therapeutic drugs were used based on the susceptibility test. Staphylococcus had the lowest resistance to vancomycin. The detection rate of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus was 21. 9% and that of methicillin resistant coagulase negative staphylococci was 87. 9%. CONCLUSION: The bacterial resistance in our hospital was lower than that in 2011 yet the overall drug resistance is still serious,especially the fact that the resistance of non-fermentative bacteria rate is still high. It is a difficult job in the choice of therapeutic regimen and the load is heavy while the way is long to achieve rational antibiotic use.更多还原