【摘要】 为探讨梭鱼草(Pontederia cordata L.)作为人工湿地植物的应用潜力,通过在室外用瓷盆(上直径80 cm,底直径50 cm,高45 cm)构建单种潜流湿地,比较了梭鱼草与常用的人工湿地植物芦苇(Phragmites australis Trin.e x S t e u d.)在人工湿地中对营养物质和重金属Cd2+和Pb2+的去除率.结果显示,梭鱼草对总氮(TN)和生化需氧量(BOD5)的去除率显著高于芦苇(P<0.05).两种植物湿地对Cd2+和Pb2+的去除率无显著差异.两种植物体内Cd2+和Pb2+的含量均是根>茎>叶,根部为主要的富集器官.污水停留2 d和停留7 d,两种湿地对营养物质的去除率差别不大,而对重金属的去除率,停留7 d显著高于停留2 d,表明人工湿地对重金属的去除比对营养的去除要慢一些.研究表明,梭鱼草是一种具有良好景观效果和较高去污率的湿地植物,在人工湿地中具有较好的应用潜力.更多还原

【Abstract】 For studying the potential applications of Pontederia cordata L.as a constructed wetland plant,the removal effects of P.cordata and Phragmites australis Trin.ex Steud.on nutrients and heavy metal elements in the wetlands were compared.Mono-cultivated small-scale wetlands were constructed using pots(80 cm-50 cm-45 cm,the upper diameter-bottom diameter-high).The results showed that the removal rates for TN and BOD5 by P.cordata was significantly higher than those by P.australis(P < 0.05).But there was no significant difference between them for the removal of Cd2 + and Pb2+.Content distribution of Cd2+and Pb2+ in both plants was as follows: root > stem > leaf.For both the wetlands,there was little difference in nutrient removal between hydraulic retention time(HRT) of 2 d and 7 d,but heavy metal removal rate at HRT of 7 d was significantly higher than that at HRT of 2 d,indicating that the removal of heavy metals was slower than that of nutrients in the constructed wetlands.These results suggest that P.cordata has a good application potential in constructed wetlands because of its good visual effects and high removal rates for wastewater pollutants.更多还原