【摘要】 我国违法现象易发、多发,违法成本低是重要原因。对违法行为的处罚标准和查处概率都对违法成本产生重要影响。设定的处罚标准越高、查处概率越高,违法者的违法成本就越高。处罚标准高低是立法问题,查处概率高低则受执法人员数量、执法频率、执法技术水平、执法意愿等多种因素影响。为了提高违法成本,需根据情况适当提高处罚标准,增加执法人员,改进执法技术,但更重要的是提升执法者的执法意愿。更多还原

【Abstract】 Low illegal cost is the main reason for the easy and many occurrences of illegal phenomenon in China, especially in two aspects which are the punishment standard and probability, i.e. the higher punishment standard and probability the higher illegal cost. The punishment is set up by laws while the punishment probability is influenced by the quantity of law enforcement officials, law enforcement frequency and technical level as well as willingness, etc. So in order to raise the illegal cost, much should be done including raising punishment standard, increasing law enforcement officials’ quantity, and improving law enforcement technology, as well as, the most important, raising the law enforcement willingness of law enforcers.更多还原