【摘要】 自2005年起在四川省郫县病圃连续播种1.5 hm2抗病品种川麦42作为小麦条锈病菌新毒性突变捕获圃,周围感病品种上接种四川各地采集的小麦条锈病菌样品,2005-2008年川麦42反应型为0~2级。2009年川麦42乳熟后期突然普遍发病,反应型为3-,将发病叶片分离的条锈病菌毒性突变体接种全国小麦条锈病菌生理小种鉴别寄主、含有已知抗条锈基因的小麦品种、近等基因系及四川小麦生产品种后,发现新毒性突变体对在目前在四川仍表现抗病的贵农22、川麦42、含有Yr10的近等基因系NILS12、Moro、含有Yr24的NILS16、以及含有Yr26的NILS17均具有毒性,新毒性突变体因而被命名为avrYr10/24/26/ch42;avrYr10/24/26/ch42突变体对含抗条锈基因Yr9的洛夫林13等不具毒性。avrYr10/24/26/ch42突变体的AFLP分析表明,其遗传相似度在0.94以上,因此可能来自于同一克隆。avrYr10/24/26/ch42突变体能够侵染39个四川小麦新品种中除资麦一号外的38个品种,能够引起四川大面积生产上83.26%田块种植的小麦发病。以上结果表明,建立捕获圃可以提前获得小麦条锈病菌新毒性突变,指导抗性品种选育和布局。更多还原

【Abstract】 A trapping nursery composed of 1. 5 hm2of Chuanmai 42 has been built in Pixian of Sichuan province since 2005 when the variety has been first released. The susceptible varieties beside‘Chuanmai 42’were inoculated by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici sampled from whole province. Infection type of 0- 2 were recorded in 2005- 2008. The infection type‘3-’was first observed on large number of leaves at the late milk stage. The virulent mutants entrapped by‘Chuanmai 42’were then isolated and inoculated onto the differentiating host varieties of physiologic races,wheat lines of known resistance genes and commercial varieties registered in Sichuan province. The virulent mutants were proved to be virulent to‘Guinong 22’,‘Moro’and NILS12 carrying Yr10,NILS16( Yr24) and NILS17( Yr26) as well as‘Chuanmai 42’. They were consequently nominated as avrYr10 /24 /26/ch42. The mutants were found to be avirulent to‘Lovrin 13’carrying Yr9.AFLP analysis of 28 iaolates virulent to‘Chuanmai 42’resulted in a genetic similarity over 0. 94 and indicated the same origin of the mutants. Mutants of avrYr10 /24 /26/ch42 could infect 38 of tested 39 commercial wheat varieties registered in Sichuan,except for‘Zimai No.1’,and could cause disease on 83. 26 % of the wheat samples from 645 plots of wheat field all over the Sichuan basin. The results validated the trapping nursery to detect virulence mutants for the sake of the breeding and deployment of resistant varieties.更多还原