【摘要】 随机选取中美大学生各30名,探讨在中西方文化背景下,背景表情对个体知觉目标表情是否会产生影响。结果:(1)当有背景表情时,中国被试对目标表情强度评定的时间比无背景表情时的评定时间长;且背景表情与目标表情一致时,中国被试判断目标表情的强度最强;不一致时,则最弱;而美国被试对目标表情强度的评分及反应时不受背景表情的影响。(2)当背景表情发生变化时,中国被试对于图片的再认正确率显著高于美国被试。结论:美国被试会将注意力放在目标表情上,不易受背景表情的影响,而中国被试对目标表情的判断会受到背景表情的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Research of facial emotion has achieved a great of improvement since 1990s,especially in the cultural differences in the perception of facial emotion.Most research on people’s ability to judge emotion from facial expressions has used pictures of single faces with no contextual cues and has shown high levels of cultural agreement in the interpretation of emotional expression.However,perception of object always is effected by its context according to the theory of context cuing effect and previous findings support East-West differences in contextual sensitivity.This paper aimed to examined the influence of the background facial emotion on the perception of an individual’s emotion in the Chinese and Western cultural context.Sixty students participated in the study,with thirty college students in China and thirty college students in USA.Chinese students all belonged to the yellow race and American students were all Caucasians.The study designed two experiments including the central emotion judgment task and emotion recognition task.Forty-five emotion pictures from JACFEE(Japanese and Caucasian facial expressions of emotion) were used.The tasks were designed on the computer by the E-prime software,and each participant spent 25 minutes finishing the experiments with the guidance of psychological graduate students.The results of the experiment are as follows:In judgments of the central person’s emotion,Chinese were more susceptible to the emotions of the background figures than American.The reaction time of Chinese participants’ judgment of central person’s facial emotion with the background facial emotions was significant longer than one of central person’s facial emotion without the background facial emotions;When the background facial emotion were consistent with the central facial emotion,Chinese participants judged the intensity of central facial emotion greater;when the background facial emotion were inconsistent with the central facial emotion,Chinese participants judged the intensity of central facial emotion weaker.However,American participants’ judgment of central facial emotion was not influenced by background facial emotion.When the background facial emotion was changed,the recognition accuracy of Chinese participants was significant higher than one of American participants.The findings suggest that the Chinese are better at remembering the facial expressions of other people in the group.To conclude,the background emotional stimulus as perceived would be different for Americans and Chinese,that when Americans infer a person’s emotion,they focus on the person,whereas Chinese attend to the whole social background.Our results provide strong support for it.Americans inferred the emotion that corresponded to that person’s facial expression,regardless of whether the people around him were happy,sad,or angry.Americans see emotional expressions as spontaneous manifestations of an individual’s personal feelings,and there is no need to look beyond the individual in inferring emotion.Our Chinese participants,however,attended to the whole group in deciding what a particular person was feeling:If the other people’s expression matched the person’s,then the Chinese inferred that the person felt that emotion more strongly.If the other people expressed a different emotion,then Chinese perceived traces of that emotion in the individual.更多还原