【摘要】 目的了解5·12汶川地震3 a后灾区教师的焦虑状况及其影响因素,为促进相应人群的心理健康提供依据。方法使用状态-特质焦虑问卷、艾森克简式人格问卷、苦恼表露指数量表及应对方式问卷,对汶川地震灾区145名教师进行问卷调查。结果 96名经历过地震的灾区教师均存在中度及以上的焦虑,其中2.1%的教师存在重度焦虑;焦虑症状(状态焦虑、特质焦虑、焦虑总分)与苦恼表露指数、人格的内外倾与神经质维度及应对方式量表的自责存在显著相关(P值均<0.05),且特质焦虑、焦虑总分与应对方式的幻想、合理化存在显著相关(P值均<0.05),焦虑总分和应对方式的退避存在显著相关(P<0.05);多元逐步回归分析发现,神经质、苦恼表露指数、自责3个因素进入回归方程后对焦虑的预测力达到34.9%。结论灾区教师需增加其对他人的苦恼表露,同时对地震这一负性生活事件应避免采用消极的应付方式(如自责、退避等),从而逐渐降低焦虑等不良心身反应。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To know anxiety and the influencing factors about the teachers after three years earthquake.Methods A survey of 150 teachers was tested by EPQ-R Short Scale,(EPQ-RS),State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI) and the Distress Disclosure Index and Coping Style Questionnaire to study the influence to anxiety.Results Ninty-six teachers who come from disaster area suffered from moderate anxiety and 2.1% of the teachers had severe anxiety;There was significant correlation among symptoms of anxiety(state anxiety,trait anxiety,anxiety total score) distress disclosure index,inside and outside the pour with neurotic dimension of personality and remorse of coping styles(P < 0.05),trait anxiety,anxiety score and coping styles of fantasy,rationalization also had significant related(P < 0.05),anxiety score and coping style presence significantly related(P < 0.05);Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that nervousness,distress disclosure index,self-blame three factors into the regression equation predict anxiety reached 34.9%.Conclusion In order to reduce anxiety reaction after earthquake,teachers should increase the communication with others and do not use negative coping styles(such as self-blame,retreat,etc.) to solve problem.更多还原