【摘要】 目的了解东莞市农村小学生早餐饮食行为、早餐质量及影响因素,为指导发达地区农村小学生营养教育提供依据。方法用随机整群抽样法,抽取东莞市某镇四～六年级小学生452名进行早餐饮食行为问卷调查。结果81.42%的小学生每天吃早餐;选择早餐食物品种主要依据包括营养又健康(44.47%),父母安排(21.90%),口味(21.24%);多数人早餐结构不合理,优、良者仅占12.17%,只有2.21%符合营养早餐4类食物要求;对营养早餐认知正确率仅7.96%;96.24%认为有必要每天吃早餐;88.50%家长要求子女每天都吃早餐,其子女每天吃早餐率高于没要求者(χ2=29.519,P<0.01);营养知识得分多者早餐质量较高(χ2=9.977,P=0.041);对营养早餐认知水平较高者早餐质量也较高(χ2=70.091,P<0.01)。结论东莞市农村小学生早餐质量不高,与学生对营养早餐认知度低有关;多数学生能每天吃早餐,建议对小学生及家庭开展针对性的营养教育。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the breakfast quality,eating behaviors and influencing factors of rural primary school students in Dongguan,to provide evidence for nutrition education.Methods A cluster sample of 452 pupils of grade 4 to 6 were chosen from a county in Dongguan.All the partrcipants were questionnaired about eating behavior of breakfast.Results About 81.42% students had breakfast everyday.The main reasons for selecting foods included nutritious and health(44.47%),preparation by parents(21.90%)and favor(21.24%).The breakfast eating patterns of most students were not rational.The pupils who had excellent and good quality breakfast accounted for 12.17%.Only 2.21% pupils had met the requirement of nourishing breakfast containing 4 kinds of foods.The rate of correct cognition of having a nutritious breakfast was 7.96%,96.24% of pupils thought that it was necessary to have breakfast everyday,88.50% of parents demanded children to have breakfast everyday,and the rate of those children whose could have breakfast everyday were more than those whose parents didn’ t(χ2= 29.519,P<0.01).The higher nutritional knowledge scores were,the better quality of their breakfast was(χ2 = 9.977,P = 0.041).The higher lever of nourishing breakfast cognition was,the better quality of their breakfast had(χ2= 70.091,P = 0.000).Conclusion The quality of breakfast of rural primary school students is not good in Guangdong.It may be related to their deficiency of nourishing breakfast knowledge.Most pupils have breakfast everyday.It is suggested that nutritional education should be given to the pupils and their families.更多还原