【摘要】 目的分析山东省流行性乙型脑炎(简称乙脑)流行情况,为有效预防控制乙脑提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学分析方法,对1986～2010年山东省乙脑报告病例进行分析,采用ELISA法检测病人早期血清和/或脑脊液乙脑IgM抗体。结果 1986～2010年山东省共报告乙脑病例12983例,年均发病率为0.61/10万;95.12%的病例集中在7～9月份,8月为发病高峰;59.05%的病例分布于菏泽、临沂、潍坊、济宁4市;15岁以下病例居多,占总病例数的72.53%(9411例),但≥15岁病例所占比例呈逐渐增加趋势;职业分布以散居儿童(48.79%)、学生(22.67%)、农民(20.26%)为主;共检测1807例病人血清和/或脑脊液,乙脑IgM抗体阳性1173例,阳性率为64.91%。结论山东省乙脑发病率总体呈下降趋势,近年来呈低水平流行,但威胁依然存在,仍需加强防控措施;乙脑发病年龄明显后移,应结合各地区成人发病情况制定乙脑防控策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 OBJECTIVE To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of Japanese Encephalitis ( JE) in Shandong province during 1986-2010 and provide the scientific evidences for effectively preventing and controlling JE. METHODS Descriptive epidemiological method was applied to analyze the epidemiologic characteristics of reported JE cases in Shandong province from 1986 to 2010, and serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid samples were examined for anti-JEV IgM antibody by ELISA. RESULTS A total of 12 983 JE cases were reported in Shandong province during 1986-2010 with the average annual incidence rate of 0.61/100 000. 95.12% of the cases were reported from July to September and the peak occurred in August, and 59.05% cases came from Heze, Linyi, Weifang and Jining. Most cases were under 15 years old, but the proportion of ≥ 15 years old cases increased annually. In occupational distribution, the scattered children, students and farmers accounted for 48.79%, 22.67% and 20.26%, respectively. Serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid collected from 1 807 JE cases were examined for IgM antibody and the positive rate was 64.91%. CONCLUSION The overall incidence rate of JE has decreased in recent years in Shandong province, but threat still exists and preventive measures should be enhanced. Due to the increase of portion of older age group, the issue of adult cases should be considered when making JE prevention and control strategy.更多还原