【摘要】 对天山雪莲的根尖进行染色体常规压片,旨在为其系统分类、遗传育种及分子生物学研究提供依据。分析不同取材时间、预处理和酸解时间对天山雪莲染色体制片的影响,每处理随机挑选1 000根尖细胞进行观察,比较中期细胞和适宜核型分析的中期细胞所占比例。结果表明,10:00取样,用0.002mol/L 8-羟基喹啉与1g/L秋水仙素按等体积混合0℃预处理24h,1mol/L盐酸58℃解离7min制片所得染色体分散效果最佳。核型公式为2n=2 N=20m+16sm,染色体相对长度组成为2n=32=8L+6M2+6M1+12S,核型不对称系数(As.k)为60.998%,属于2B类型,核型对称性程度高,说明天山雪莲在进化中处于趋向于原始类型。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking root tip of Saussurea involucrata as material for routine chromosome preparation,we hope that these results can provide the basis for classification,genetic breeding and molecular biology research of Saussurea involucrata.The present study analyzed the difference of sampling time,pretreatment and hydrolysis time on routine chromosome preparation of Saussurea involucrata impact.1 000 randomly selected root tip cell were observed in each treatment group in order to compare the proportion of metaphase cells and karyotype analysis of suitable metaphase cells.The results showed that: good tissue culture chromosome preparation was achieved by best sampling time at 10:00,24 h pretreatment of liquid mixture of same volume ratio of 0.002 mol/L 8-hydroxyquinoline and 1 g/L colchicine at 0 ℃,and by 7 min hydrolyzation of 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid at 58 ℃.The karyotype analysis revealed that the karyotype of Carthamus tinctorius L.was 2 n=2 N=24=20 m+16 sm.Chromosome composition of relative length was 2 n=32=8 L+6 M2+ 6 M1+12 S,its index of As.k was 60.998%,the karyotype asymmetry belonged to 2B type,its karyotype was symmetrica1.This suggested that Saussurea involucrata is relatively primitive forms.更多还原