【摘要】 根据2007年12月、2008年3、6和10月对涠洲岛珊瑚礁生态区进行4个季度的调查资料,首次比较系统地研究了各种形态P的含量分布、季节变化及其影响因素.结果表明:涠洲岛珊瑚礁生态区P的含量不高,作为主要环境评价因子的CDIP均在一类海水范围内;在所有形态P中,只有CTP和CDP具有春季>秋季>夏季>冬季的变化规律,其余形态P却各具特色;但4个季节P的存在形态均是以DP为主,占TP含量的74.65%～88.96%;各种形态P含量的平面分布受风生流的影响极为明显,而且突出体现在CTP和CPP的含量分布上.相关分析表明,各种形态P之间具有密切的关系,其中CDP与CDOP在4个季节均以显著(p<0.05)以上的正相关出现,但只有春夏季成为CTP的主导控制因子.涠洲岛珊瑚礁生态区各种形态P与环境因子之间的相关性,主要突出体现在受风生流影响较大的CPP相关水平上.但各种形态P与浮游生物结构之间的相关性,却与浮游生物的兴衰有关,在浮游生物量较低的春季,各种形态P含量只对浮游植物丰度、均匀度、多样性指数和多样性阀值产生显著的正、负相关影响,而在浮游动、植物和初级生产力显著增加的秋季,所有形态P含量与浮游动、植物和初级生产力之间的密切关系却主要集中体现在CPP和CDOP对浮游植物数量变化以及对浮游动物的总种数、丰度、多样性指数和多样性阀值的正、负相关影响上,与珊瑚礁生态系的元素循环和能量传递速率加快,P获得快速再生并对浮游动、植物和初级生产力起明显促进作用有关.更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the investigations in 4 seasonal months in coral reef ecoregion of Weizhou Island from December 2007,March,June and October 2008,the contents of different forms of P(phosphorus)distribution,seasonal variation and its influencing factors are systematically studied.The result showed that with characteristics of low phosphors level,the content of TP、DP、PP,DOP and DIP were in range of 0.011~0.020,0.000 5~0.007 4,0.008~0.023,0.001 1~0.015 0 and 0.001 4~0.014 0 mg/dm3 with annual average values 0.016,0.0024,0.014,0.007 0 and 0.006 4 mg/dm3,respectively.DIP content,an important environmental evaluation factors,were between 0.003 9~0.007 9 mg/dm3,which is classified as the first class in sea water quality and is far below the standard(0.015 mg/dm3)in the coral reef ecoregion in Weizhou Island.Among all forms of P,only TP and DP changed in orders of spring > autumn > summer > winter.In 4 seasons phosphorus existed mostly in forms of DP accounting for 74.65%~88.96% of TP content.Horizontal distribution of various forms of P was obviously affected by wind current characterized the distribution of TP and PP.In autumn and winter when northeastward monsoon prevails,TP and PP appeared high in the north and low in the south.In spring and summer when the southwest monsoon prevails they were high in western and eastern.Correlation analysis shows that a close positive relationship existed between the various forms of P,among them DP and DOP were the most significant(p<0.05)in 4 seasonal months with correlation coefficients from 0.661 to 0.917 and it only dominated TP in spring and summer.The form transformation of PP and DP were mediated by DOP in autumn and winter.In fact only DIP in autumn and PP in winter contributed the most TP content.The correlations of all forms of P to environmental factors were projected by the relations of PP contents with their environmental factors,which showed a significant contribution of wind current to the PP.However,the role of sewage from the residents of Weizhou Island to DP and DOP became important only in winter.It shows that the correlations of different forms of P to the planktonic components depended on the wax and wan of plankton.In spring when plankton biomass was low(the abundance of phytoplankton and zooplankton were 0.4×106 cells/m3 and 5.6×104 ind./m3,respectively),the forms of P influenced only positively or negatively on the phytoplanktonic components(abundance,uniformity,diversity index and threshold of phytoplankton).For basic biomass,such as zooplankton,phytoplankton and primary productivity,only TP and DP over the number and primary productivity of zooplankton played the roles.In autumn when the plankton biomass increased significantly(the abundance of phytoplankton and zooplankton reached as high as 17.48×106 cell/m3 and 17.35×104 ind./m3),the relations between all forms of P and phytoplankton and zooplankton were projected by the effects of PP and DOP on the variations of phytoplankton abundance and zooplankton species,diversity index and threshold.It thus promoted effectively the nutrient recycle and energy transportation inside the coral reef ecosystem where it showed a rapid regeneration of P and significant growth of basic biological components.更多还原