【摘要】 目的探讨喉罩通气应用于小儿全身麻醉的可行性和安全性。方法选择80例择期手术患儿,随机分为喉罩组(L组)和静脉全麻组(M组),每组40例。两组患儿均采用面罩吸入6%七氟醚麻醉诱导,然后静脉注射咪唑安定0.05 mg/kg、芬太尼4μg/kg、静脉泵注异丙酚4 mg/(kg·h),L组在手术开始前放置喉罩通气,M组经麻醉机面罩通气给氧,两组患儿在术中均持续吸入1%~2%七氟烷,手术结束前3 min停止给予异丙酚和七氟醚。记录麻醉前T0,麻醉5分钟T1,麻醉20分钟T2,手术结束T3各时点的MAP、SPO2、HR,记录术中患儿躁动,呼吸道梗阻,误吸的发生情况以及两组患者手术时间和清醒时间。结果 L组苏醒时间短于M组,呼吸道梗阻M组明显高于L组。L组与M组比较,T0、T2、T3各时点的HR、SPO2、MAP之间比较差异均无统计学意义,T1时HR、SPO2、MAP组间比较差异均存在统计学意义。结论小儿全麻下使用喉罩通气的麻醉方法具有操作简单,血流动力学平稳,没有呼吸系统并发症,是一种值得推广的小儿麻醉方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the effect and safety of laryngeal mask airway(LMA) on general anesthesia in children.Methods A total of 80 Children undergoing elective operation scheduled were randomized to LMP(L) group and Intravenous anesthesia(M) group with 40 cases each.Both groups received mask anesthesia induction with 6% sevoflurane,followed by intravenous midazolam 0.05 mg / kg and fentanyl 4 μg / kg,and intravenous infusion of propofol 4 mg / kg.h.The ventilation was performed with LMA in the group L and anesthesia machine in group M before the start of surgery.Both groups were administrated with continuous sevoflurane.Propofol and sevoflurane were canceled 3 minutes before the end of operation.MAP,HR and SpO 2 on T 0(pre-anesthesia),T 1(5 minutes after the beginning of anesthesia),T 2(20 minutes after the beginning of anesthesia) and T 3(end of the operation) were recorded.The incidences of postoperative agitation,airway obstruction and aspiration were recorded.The operation time and recovery times were observed.Results The recovery times of Group L was shorter than that in group M.The incidence of airway obstruction in group M was higher than that in group L.There was no difference in the levels of MAP,HR and SpO 2 on T 0,T 2,T 3;but the difference in MAP,HR and SpO 2 on T 1 was statistical significant.Conclusion Laryngeal mask airway for general anesthesia is safe and easy.It can keep a stable hemodynamics and low incidence of complications.更多还原