【摘要】 细胞壁是植物细胞区别于动物细胞的主要特征。植物细胞由于细胞壁的束缚而无法迁移,其发育的策略是以细胞壁的延展性生长为核心,而膨压在植物延展性生长和其它运动行为中扮演着重要的驱动角色。由于细胞壁与细胞直径在尺寸上有巨大差距,因此可借助工程上的薄壳理论来建立植物细胞模型。宏观上,植物的缓慢生长与它对阳光和水分的需求使枝条和根的快速伸长之间的关系,可以用生物力学和流变学的方法来分析。文章综述了描述植物细胞生长过程的物理模型及膨压在植物细胞生长中的生理作用等重要研究进展,总结了该领域尚存在的问题,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 The presence of cell wall is the main feature of plant cells different from animal cells. Due to the constraint of the cell wall, plant cells can not migrate, so the development strategy is based on the extend growth of cell wall. The turgor pressure as a driving force plays an important role in the extend growth and other motion behavior. Due to the huge gap between cell wall and cell diameter, the thin shells theory was utilized to describe the growth model of plant cell. With regard to the slow growth in plants macroscopically and the relationship between plants demanding for sunshine and water and the fast stretch of roots and branches, these two matters can be analyzed by means of biomechanics and rheology. The present article reviews the progresses achieved about physical model in plant cell growth and physiological role of turgor pressure in plant cell growth, summarizes the remaining problems in this field, and proposed future research directions are suggested.更多还原