【摘要】 淫羊藿是国际上多年来重点研究的药用植物。箭叶淫羊藿(Epimedium sagittatum)是淫羊藿属分布最广,也是形态变异最大的物种,箭叶淫羊藿复合群种分类中存在诸多疑点和争议。为了重建淫羊藿属的系统发育,我们利用数码显微摄影技术对10省16个箭叶淫羊藿同质园栽培居群的叶背非腺毛性状进行了比较研究。结果表明,箭叶淫羊藿非腺毛性状的主要特征包括:细胞数、非腺毛长度、是否存在伸长细胞、顶细胞形态及由此导致的顶细胞直径和壁厚差异。不同居群的非腺毛形态和特征存在巨大差异和丰富的多样性,其中顶细胞形状是最重要的特征,并与全长、有无伸长细胞、顶细胞比例、顶细胞直径和壁厚等多个性状密切关联。聚类分析将16个居群划分为两个类型,即梭形组和剑形组。变异式样的分析表明个体间和居群间整体呈现连续变异,丰富的多样性可能是多型种的表现。但形态上的分化往往来源于关键性状特征的强烈选择作用引起的居群间适应性分化,同质园栽培个体和居群间的形态差异暗示着适应性相关性状的遗传分化,居群间的形态差异应为地方适应性的结果,这种差异可能是物种形成的雏形。更多还原

【Abstract】 We investigated the morphological variations of non-glandular hairs across 16 cultivated Epimedium sagittatum(Berberidaceae) populations using digital photomicrography.The main features examined included the total numbers of cells,the full-length and ratio of the first cell,the angle and connection pattern between the first and adjacent cells,the presence of elongated cell(s),and the shape,diameter and cell wall thickness of the first cell.Of these,the shape of the first cell was the most important variable and was associated with such characters as the full length,the presence of elongated cell(s),the ratio of the first cell,and the diameter and cell wall thickness of the first cell.Morphological diversity among populations was significant with two main groups identified,namely as sword-shaped group and a fusiform group.However,variations of the main characters was continuous among individuals and populations,suggesting that E.sagittatum was possibly a polytypic species.Adaptive divergence of key traits between populations caused by natural selection was also possible.The genetic basis of variation was evidenced by morphological differences maintained among populations cultivated in a common garden.Phenotypic divergence between ecologically separated populations could be the result of local adaptation.更多还原