【摘要】 以流动沙丘和小叶锦鸡儿群落为研究对象,通过对各样地内风速、空气温度、空气相对湿度和地温等指标的观测分析,研究了不同恢复年限的人工植被对小气候的改善效应。结果表明:(1)小叶锦鸡儿群落对近地表风速有很大的阻滞作用,在30cm高度上,6a生和11a生小叶锦鸡儿灌木林内的风速比流动沙丘分别降低了71.9%和76.0%。(2)小叶锦鸡儿林内夏季白天平均温度明显低于流动沙丘,6a生和11a生小叶锦鸡儿林内日均气温分别比流动沙丘低3.7℃和4.9℃。(3)小叶锦鸡儿群落内空气相对湿度较流动沙丘显著提高。(4)小叶锦鸡儿林内土壤浅层温度日变幅较流动沙丘减小。研究结果对于进一步探讨极端干旱条件下人工植被近地表物质和能量交换具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Caragana microphyllais one of the key species for vegetation restoration in Horqin Sandy Land.Adopting field investigation and field experiments,the microclimate effects of artificial C.microphyllacommunities with different age were studied by observing wind velocity,air temperature,relative humidity and soil temperature.The results show that vegetation cover has an obvious wind-breaking effect near ground surface,the wind velocity in the 6-and 11-year-old C.microphyllashrubs at the height of 30cm decreases by 71.9%and 76.0%,respectively,compared with shifting dunes,mean daily temperature in the 6-and 11year-old C.microphyllacommunities is 3.7℃and 4.9℃ which is lower than in shifting dunes,respectively;air relative humidity in the shrubs is higher than in shifting dunes;soil temperature in the plantation is lower than in shifting dunes.The observed results are of significance to further exploring material and energy exchange near surface layer of vegetation in the extremely arid conditions.更多还原