【摘要】 以提取了牛磺酸和蛋白质后的虾壳为原料,采用间歇酸处理提取甲壳素,通过在超声波作用下用无水乙醇浸泡甲壳素与间歇碱脱乙酰基相结合的方法制备壳聚糖,研究了制备工艺条件,对产品质量进行了分析。结果表明,提取甲壳素最佳工艺是:酸处理虾壳3h,每0.5h换酸1次,产品提取率为42.0%,灰分含量为0.36%;制备壳聚糖最佳工艺是:乙醇浸泡甲壳素25min,碱液加热每2h换碱1次,用45%NaOH于85℃反应8h、料液比1:15(g/mL),所得壳聚糖为珍珠白色粉末,脱乙酰度为87.2%,黏度为2.783Pa.s,产率为69.2%,水分含量为3.15%,灰分含量为0.34%,主要指标均达到相关标准。间歇法能制备出高质量的甲壳素及壳聚糖。更多还原

【Abstract】 The prawn shells residue,in which the taurine and protein had been extracted in former processing,was used as raw material to abstract the chitin by intermittent treatment with hydrochloric acid.The chitin was utilized as the starting material to prepare chitosan by deacetylation with caustic alkali intermittent treatment based on the pretreatment of soaking in absolute ethanol with ultrasonic.The preparation technology of chitin and chitosan was investigated,and the qualities of products were analyzed.The results showed that the chitin with 42.0% yield and 0.36% ashy substance was extracted by treating the prawn shells intermittently 3 h renewed the HCl solution every 0.5 h.The optimum preparation condition of chitosan was as follows:soaking in absolute ethanol for 25 min,intermittent heating method of caustic with 45% NaOH solution,processing time 8 h,treatment temperature 85 ℃,and the ratio of chitin to NaOH solution 1:15(g/mL),renewed the NaOH solution every 2 h.The chitosan product was white powder with 87.2% degree of deacetylation,2.783 Pa·s viscosity,69.2% yield,3.15% moisture content and 0.34% ashy substance.The quality indexes of chitosan were in conformity with the relevant standards.The high quality chitin and chitosan can be produced by the method of intermittent type.更多还原